Cell Membrane Components Quiz
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Questions and Answers

Which type of cell membrane proteins penetrate all the way through the membrane and are tightly integrated with the lipid bilayer?

  • Monotopic proteins
  • Integral proteins (correct)
  • Polytopic proteins
  • Peripheral proteins

    • What is the function of cholesterol in the cell membrane besides determining permeability?

  • Providing protection from harmful environmental factors
  • Controlling the fluidity of the membrane (correct)
  • Serving as adhesion sites for extracellular proteins
  • Enhancing signal transmission

    • What is the primary role of sphingolipids in cell membranes, especially in nerve cells?

  • Serving as adhesion sites for extracellular proteins
  • Determining membrane fluidity
  • Providing protection from harmful environmental factors (correct)
  • Enhancing signal transmission

    • What is the main effect of a high concentration of cholesterol in the cell membrane?

    <p>Decreased fluidity of the membrane</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of cell membrane proteins are loosely attached to lipid or integral proteins and do not penetrate all the way through the membrane?

    <p>Peripheral proteins</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Apart from cholesterol, which component helps determine the degree of permeability of the cell membrane to water-soluble constituents?

    <p>Sphingolipids</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the glycocalyx on the cell surface?

    <p>All of the above</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT one of the five important organelles found in the cytoplasm?

    <p>Ribosomes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is responsible for transporting glucose and urea in the proximal tubule of the kidney?

    <p>GLUT and UT carriers</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the clear fluid portion of the cytoplasm called, in which particles and organelles are dispersed?

    <p>Cytosol</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is responsible for transporting Na, K, and Cl in the ascending limb of the loop of Henle?

    <p>Na/K/Cl cotransporters</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is an example of an antiporter found in the cell membrane?

    <p>Na-Ca exchanger</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the Golgi apparatus?

    <p>To process and sort newly synthesized proteins</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of transport vesicles in the endoplasmic reticulum-Golgi apparatus system?

    <p>To transport substances from the endoplasmic reticulum to the Golgi apparatus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the main components found within lysosomes?

    <p>Hydrolytic enzymes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of lysosomes?

    <p>To digest damaged cellular structures, food particles, and unwanted matter</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following enzymes found in lysosomes is responsible for breaking down lipids?

    <p>Lipase</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of secretory vesicles formed by the Golgi apparatus?

    <p>To store and release secretory substances like enzymes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the granular endoplasmic reticulum (rough ER)?

    <p>Synthesize new protein molecules</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which structure contains large amounts of proteins and many ribosomes attached to it?

    <p>Granular endoplasmic reticulum (rough ER)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main function of the smooth endoplasmic reticulum?

    <p>Synthesis of lipid substances</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which organelle is closely related to the Golgi apparatus?

    <p>Endoplasmic Reticulum</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the composition of the Golgi apparatus?

    <p>Stacked layers of thin, flat, enclosed sacs-vesicles</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which organelle functions prominently in secretory cells?

    <p>Golgi apparatus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the membrane surrounding the lysosome?

    <p>To protect the cell from the digestive enzymes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How are peroxisomes believed to be formed?

    <p>By self-replication or budding off from the smooth endoplasmic reticulum</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary difference between lysosomes and peroxisomes?

    <p>Peroxisomes are involved in oxidation reactions while lysosomes are involved in hydrolysis reactions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of the inner membrane of the mitochondrion?

    <p>To contain the matrix and enzymes involved in oxidative phosphorylation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the mitochondrial DNA?

    <p>To play a role in controlling the replication of the mitochondrion itself</p> Signup and view all the answers

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