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Questions and Answers
Which two main classes can lipids be broken down into structurally?
Which two main classes can lipids be broken down into structurally?
- Fatty acids and isoprenoids (correct)
- Phospholipids and fatty acids
- Phospholipids and sphingolipids
- Sphingolipids and isoprenoids
What are the three components of a phospholipid?
What are the three components of a phospholipid?
- Hydrocarbon chain, backbone phosphatidic acid, and phosphate-alcohol head group
- Hydrocarbon chain, backbone sphingomyelin, and phosphate-alcohol head group
- Hydrocarbon chain, backbone glycerol, and phosphate-alcohol head group (correct)
- Hydrocarbon chain, backbone ceramide, and phosphate-alcohol head group
Which phospholipid has both fatty acids linked to the glycerol backbone with an ester link?
Which phospholipid has both fatty acids linked to the glycerol backbone with an ester link?
- Phosphatidate (correct)
- Phosphatidylcholine
- Phosphatidylethanolamine
- Phosphatidylserine
Which phospholipid has one fatty acid linked to the glycerol backbone with an ether link while the other has an ester link?
Which phospholipid has one fatty acid linked to the glycerol backbone with an ether link while the other has an ester link?
Which phosphoglyceride is the most common in the cell membrane?
Which phosphoglyceride is the most common in the cell membrane?
Which phospholipid contains a ceramide backbone?
Which phospholipid contains a ceramide backbone?
Which class of lipids can sphingomyelin also be classified as?
Which class of lipids can sphingomyelin also be classified as?
What is the role of the transfer molecule CDP in phospholipid synthesis?
What is the role of the transfer molecule CDP in phospholipid synthesis?
How do phospholipids synthesized in the smooth ER reach the plasma membrane?
How do phospholipids synthesized in the smooth ER reach the plasma membrane?
What is the basic structure of a phospholipid?
What is the basic structure of a phospholipid?
What is the composition of a phospholipid?
What is the composition of a phospholipid?
Where does phospholipid synthesis primarily occur?
Where does phospholipid synthesis primarily occur?
Which steps are involved in the synthesis of glycerophospholipids?
Which steps are involved in the synthesis of glycerophospholipids?
How is the head group added to phosphatidic acid?
How is the head group added to phosphatidic acid?
What can phosphatidylserine be converted to in a reversible headgroup exchange reaction?
What can phosphatidylserine be converted to in a reversible headgroup exchange reaction?
What is the role of phosphatidylinositol in the cell membrane?
What is the role of phosphatidylinositol in the cell membrane?
How do newly made phospholipids reach the other side of the smooth ER membrane and the cell membrane?
How do newly made phospholipids reach the other side of the smooth ER membrane and the cell membrane?
What nucleotide is used to help with the addition of a head group to phosphatidic acid?
What nucleotide is used to help with the addition of a head group to phosphatidic acid?
Where does the synthesis of glycerol-3-phosphate occur?
Where does the synthesis of glycerol-3-phosphate occur?
How is phosphatidylcholine formed from phosphatidylethanolamine?
How is phosphatidylcholine formed from phosphatidylethanolamine?
Which step in cholesterol synthesis is catalyzed by HMG CoA reductase?
Which step in cholesterol synthesis is catalyzed by HMG CoA reductase?
What is the main regulatory enzyme in the cholesterol synthesis pathway?
What is the main regulatory enzyme in the cholesterol synthesis pathway?
How many acetyl CoA molecules are needed to make squalene?
How many acetyl CoA molecules are needed to make squalene?
Which step in cholesterol synthesis involves the conversion of mevalonate into activated isoprenes?
Which step in cholesterol synthesis involves the conversion of mevalonate into activated isoprenes?
How many acetyl CoA molecules are needed to make Mevalonate?
How many acetyl CoA molecules are needed to make Mevalonate?
What is the main regulatory step of cholesterol synthesis?
What is the main regulatory step of cholesterol synthesis?
How is HMG CoA reductase regulated in cholesterol synthesis?
How is HMG CoA reductase regulated in cholesterol synthesis?
What promotes de-phosphorylation of HMG CoA reductase, activating the enzyme?
What promotes de-phosphorylation of HMG CoA reductase, activating the enzyme?
What promotes phosphorylation of HMG CoA reductase, inhibiting the enzyme?
What promotes phosphorylation of HMG CoA reductase, inhibiting the enzyme?
What happens to the transcription of HMG CoA reductase gene when intracellular cholesterol levels are high?
What happens to the transcription of HMG CoA reductase gene when intracellular cholesterol levels are high?
Which structural group does cholesterol belong to?
Which structural group does cholesterol belong to?
Which organs of the body contribute most significantly to cholesterol synthesis?
Which organs of the body contribute most significantly to cholesterol synthesis?
Where does cholesterol synthesis occur inside the cell?
Where does cholesterol synthesis occur inside the cell?
What are the basic steps of cholesterol synthesis?
What are the basic steps of cholesterol synthesis?
What is the role of the key regulatory enzyme HMG CoA reductase in cholesterol synthesis?
What is the role of the key regulatory enzyme HMG CoA reductase in cholesterol synthesis?
What influences the activity of HMG CoA reductase in cholesterol synthesis?
What influences the activity of HMG CoA reductase in cholesterol synthesis?
What inhibits HMG CoA reductase in cholesterol synthesis?
What inhibits HMG CoA reductase in cholesterol synthesis?
What are the main components of cholesterol?
What are the main components of cholesterol?
What are sterols?
What are sterols?
What is the function of cholesterol in the cell membrane?
What is the function of cholesterol in the cell membrane?
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