Cell Membrane and Beet Root Experiment
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Questions and Answers

Which of the following liquids showed maximum leaching of pigments from beet root slices?

  • Formaldehyde (correct)
  • Ice cold water
  • Distilled water
  • Alcohol (methanol) (correct)
  • Beet root slices placed in distilled water show leaching.

    False

    What is the purpose of using a cork borer in the procedure?

    To take out cylindrical pieces of beet root.

    The membrane surrounding the vacuole is called the ______.

    <p>tonoplast</p> Signup and view all the answers

    At what temperature does the control experiment for membrane permeability take place?

    <p>37°C</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was used to wash the beet root slices before the experiment?

    <p>Tap water</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What causes the membrane permeability to alter according to the experiment's conclusion?

    <p>Both A and B</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the test tube with the corresponding liquid and its observation:

    <p>A = Distilled water B = Ice cold water C = Boiled water D = Alcohol (methanol) E = Formaldehyde F = Acetone</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Materials Required

    • Fresh clean beet root for the experiment
    • Knife for slicing beet root
    • Cork borer to extract cylindrical pieces
    • Test tubes for holding liquid samples
    • Spirit lamp for heating materials as needed
    • Ice for cooling
    • Test tube stand to secure test tubes during observation
    • Pipette for measuring liquids
    • Beaker for containing test tubes in water
    • Distilled water to control sample conditions
    • Methanol, formaldehyde, and acetone to test different solvent effects

    Membrane Theory

    • Cell membranes are thin, elastic partitions separating protoplast from surroundings.
    • Eukaryotic plant cells possess plasma membranes and tonoplasts around vacuoles.
    • Membranes exhibit selective permeability, affected by temperature, injury, toxic substances, and leaching.

    Experimental Procedure

    • Wash the beet root thoroughly to remove contaminants.
    • Use a cork borer to obtain uniform cylindrical pieces, each approximately 5mm thick.
    • Rinse the pieces to eliminate traces of anthocyanin, the pigment responsible for purple color.
    • Prepare six marked test tubes (A to F) with specific liquids:
      • Test tube A: 10ml distilled water (control).
      • Test tube B: Ice cold water.
      • Test tube C: Boiled water.
      • Test tube D: Alcohol (methanol).
      • Test tube E: Formaldehyde (formalin).
      • Test tube F: Acetone.
    • Immerse two or three beet root slices in each test tube.
    • Maintain temperature: test tube B in ice water, test tube C in boiled water.
    • After 15 minutes, shake each test tube and observe the color change due to anthocyanin leakage.

    Observations and Results

    • Control (Distilled Water): No color change, no leaching.
    • Ice Cold Water: No color change, no leaching.
    • Boiled Water: Purple color indicates leaching.
    • Methanol: Dark purple signals maximum leaching.
    • Formaldehyde: Dark purple shows maximum leaching.
    • Acetone: Purple color indicates leaching.

    Conclusion

    • Distilled and ice cold water yielded no membrane permeability changes at room temperature and low temperatures.
    • Boiled water resulted in pigment leakage, suggesting increased permeability.
    • Alcohol and formalin caused maximum pigment leakage, highlighting significant membrane damage.
    • Some leaching also occurred with acetone.

    Precautions

    • Use fresh, clean beet root for reliable results.
    • Ensure slices are uniform in size for consistency.
    • Maintain equal liquid volumes across test tubes for comparability.
    • Shake test tubes thoroughly for accurate color observation.

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    Description

    Explore the intricacies of cell membranes through a hands-on experiment using fresh beet root. This quiz delves into the theory of membranes, their functions, and the materials needed for conducting the experiment, including various chemicals and equipment.

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