Plasma Membrane 3
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Questions and Answers

What is the main function of cell junctions?

  • Allow for communication between neighboring cells (correct)
  • Decrease communication between cells and extracellular matrix
  • Facilitate movement of blood cells
  • Enhance stress on individual cells

    • Which of the following is NOT a function of cell junctions?

  • Control the paracellular transport
  • Build up the paracellular barrier of epithelia
  • Bond cells together
  • Enable cell movement (correct)

    • In what way do cell junctions contribute to reducing stress placed upon cells?

  • By allowing free movement of cells
  • By increasing cellular communication
  • By bonding cells together (correct)
  • By decreasing cellular adhesion

    • Which statement best describes the purpose of the paracellular barrier in epithelia?

    <p>To regulate the passage of molecules between cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the term 'ground substance' refer to in the context of cell junctions?

    <p>The space between cells filled with fluid and proteins</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why are cell junctions particularly abundant in tissues?

    <p>To maintain structural integrity and communication between cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of junction is responsible for forming channel-like connections between cells?

    <p>Gap junctions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In which tissue type are direct attachments between cells rare?

    <p>Connective tissues</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of cell-matrix junctions in epithelial tissues?

    <p>Anchoring cells to the basal lamina</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of junction reinforces cell adhesion by linking the cytoskeletons of adjacent cells?

    <p>Desmosomes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which tissue type bears most of the mechanical stress in the interstitial matrix?

    <p>Connective tissues</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of cell-matrix junction is responsible for connecting cells to the ECM via integrin proteins?

    <p>Hemidesmosomes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of molecules can pass through GAP JUNCTIONS from cell to cell?

    <p>Ions and glucose</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where are GAP JUNCTIONS located in the body?

    <p>Epithelial tissue, cardiac muscle, smooth muscle, and connective tissue</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which proteins bridge cell-matrix interactions in TUNNEL cell-matrix anchoring junctions?

    <p>Integrins</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What activates INTEGRINS in cell-matrix interactions?

    <p>Binding to intracellular activator proteins</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main function of ACTIN-LINKED CELL-MATRIX JUNCTIONS or focal adhesions?

    <p>Anchoring actin filaments in cells to the extracellular matrix</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following functions can be influenced by INTEGRINS through intracellular signals?

    <p>Migration and survival</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main function of tight junctions?

    <p>Act as a diffusion barrier for macromolecules</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which proteins make up tight junctions?

    <p>Claudin and occludin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where are tight junctions mostly located?

    <p>At the apical location in epithelial cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of cell-cell anchoring junctions?

    <p>Hold cells together under mechanical stress</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which transmembrane adhesion proteins are involved in cell-cell anchoring junctions?

    <p>Cadherins</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of cadherins in cell-cell anchoring junctions?

    <p>Span the plasma membrane and link to the cytoskeleton</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main function of adherens junctions?

    <p>Anchor actin filament bundles between cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where are desmosomes primarily located?

    <p>In tissues that experience stress or stretch</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the structural difference between adherens junctions and desmosomes?

    <p>Desmosomes connect intermediate filaments while adherens junctions connect actin filaments</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In which type of tissues would you expect to find adherens junctions predominantly?

    <p>Epithelial and endothelial tissues</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main role of desmosomes in tissues?

    <p>Provide anchorage for intermediate filaments and withstand mechanical stress</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the electron micrograph shown in the text depicting?

    <p>Desmosomes in the skin of a baby mouse</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of cell junctions in tissues?

    <p>Provide structural support and connection between cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of junction is responsible for building up the paracellular barrier in epithelial tissues?

    <p>Tight junctions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In which type of tissues are cell junctions particularly abundant?

    <p>Epithelial tissues</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main role of integrins in cell-matrix interactions?

    <p>Anchor cells to the extracellular matrix</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which function is NOT associated with cell junctions?

    <p>Enhancing genetic mutations</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where are desmosomes primarily located in tissues?

    <p>Muscle tissues</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do tight junctions contribute to reducing stress in tissues?

    <p>By holding cells together in tissues subjected to mechanical stress</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which statement best describes the function of cadherins in cell-cell anchoring junctions?

    <p>Establishing strong structural connections between adjacent cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where are desmosomes primarily located in the body?

    <p>Epidermis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of claudin and occludin in tight junctions?

    <p>Form selective permeability barriers for paracellular transport</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In what type of tissues would you expect to find adherens junctions predominantly?

    <p>Heart</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What distinguishes adherens junctions from desmosomes in terms of their structure?

    <p>Presence of transmembrane adhesion proteins belonging to the cadherin family</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of junction is responsible for forming direct attachments between cells?

    <p>Adherens junctions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In which tissues would you expect to find HEIMDESMOSOMES predominantly?

    <p>Epithelial tissue</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of junction is responsible for allowing small molecules and ions to pass between adjacent cells?

    <p>Gap junctions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main role of cell-matrix anchoring junctions?

    <p>Anchoring cells to the extracellular matrix</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which cells are primarily responsible for producing the extracellular matrix in connective tissues?

    <p>Fibroblasts</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where are tight junctions primarily located in the body?

    <p>Epithelial tissue</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the width of the gap in GAP JUNCTIONS that allows the passage of small hydrophilic molecules?

    <p>4-6 nm</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of junction anchors actin filaments in cells to the extracellular matrix?

    <p>Focal Adhesions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main function of INTEGRINS in cell-matrix interactions?

    <p>Sense and respond to mechanical forces</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which tissue type is NOT mentioned as containing GAP JUNCTIONS?

    <p>Nervous Tissue</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What do ACTIN-LINKED CELL-MATRIX JUNCTIONS primarily anchor in cells?

    <p>Actin Filaments</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which aspect of cell behavior can be influenced by INTEGRINS through intracellular signals?

    <p><strong>Cell Migration</strong></p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main function of desmosomes in cell junctions?

    <p>Provide anchorage site for cytoskeleton</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where are zonula adherens predominantly located within tissues?

    <p>Endothelial tissues</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of cell-cell junction is especially abundant in tissues subject to significant stretching or stress?

    <p>Desmosomes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the structural difference between zonula adherens and desmosomes?

    <p>Adhere to intermediate filaments</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of cell junction provides mechanical strength to tissues that face a lot of stress or stretching?

    <p>Desmosomes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main function of cell junctions?

    <p>Anchor cells together and reduce stress</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which function is NOT associated with cell junctions?

    <p>Promoting cell differentiation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In what way do cell junctions contribute to reducing stress placed upon cells?

    <p>By anchoring cells together</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which statement best describes the purpose of the paracellular barrier in epithelia?

    <p>To prevent movement of large molecules between cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What distinguishes adherens junctions from desmosomes?

    <p>Their interaction with actin filaments</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where are gap junctions primarily located in tissues?

    <p>Along lateral surfaces of cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main function of zonula adherens junctions?

    <p>Guide the organization of developing tissues</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where are desmosomes primarily located?

    <p>Skin tissue</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of cell junction is structurally similar to adherens junctions but connects intermediate filaments instead of actin filaments?

    <p>Desmosomes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main function of junctional complexes?

    <p>Provide mechanical strength to tissues</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of cell junction is located more basal than tight junctions in epithelial and endothelial tissues?

    <p>Adherens junctions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary role of adhesion belts or zonula adherens?

    <p>Guide the organization of developing tissues</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What proteins make up tight junctions?

    <p>Claudin and occludin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where are tight junctions mostly found in the body?

    <p>Urinary bladder and respiratory tract</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of desmosomes in cell junctions?

    <p>Anchor cells together and withstand mechanical stress</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of tissue contains abundant anchoring junctions due to mechanical stress?

    <p>Muscular tissue</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main role of CADHERINS in cell-cell anchoring junctions?

    <p>Transmit large forces between cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where are adherens junctions predominantly located within tissues?

    <p>At the basolateral region</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of GAP JUNCTIONS?

    <p>Allow the passage of small hydrophobic molecules between cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of junction anchors actin filaments in cells to the extracellular matrix?

    <p>Adherens Junctions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common function influenced by INTEGRINS through intracellular signals?

    <p>Blood clotting</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where are focal adhesions primarily located?

    <p>Connective tissue</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of junction allows action potentials to spread rapidly from cell to cell?

    <p>GAP JUNCTIONS</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main purpose of TUNNEL CELL-MATRIX ANCHORING JUNCTIONS?

    <p>Bridge cell-matrix interactions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where are Lining of the intestines and epidermal covering of the skin primarily located?

    <p>Bone</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main function of GAP JUNCTIONS?

    <p>Allowing small molecules and ions to pass between adjacent cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of junction is especially abundant in tissues subject to significant stretching or stress?

    <p>Desmosomes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where would you NOT expect to find direct attachments between cells?

    <p>Adipose tissue</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What primarily anchors in ACTIN-LINKED CELL-MATRIX JUNCTIONS?

    <p>Cytoplasmic domains of cell-adhesion proteins</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of tissues have cell-matrix anchoring junctions like HEMIDESMOSOMES?

    <p>Epithelial tissues</p> Signup and view all the answers

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