WK 4: Cell Homeostasis

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What is the primary function of buffers in the maintenance of normal cellular pH?

To increase the concentration of H+ ions

To bind excess H+ ions (correct)

To regulate the concentration of bicarbonate

To control the activity of enzymes

Which of the following is an example of a negative feedback mechanism?

Control of blood pressure (correct)

Childbirth

Control of blood glucose regulation

Regulation of heart rate

What is the set point of normal cellular pH?

7.6

7.4 (correct)

7.0

7.2

Which component of the homeostatic control mechanism determines the appropriate response to a stimulus?

Control centre Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of a marked change in [H+]?

Decrease in enzymatic activity Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary goal of homeostasis in the body?

To maintain a relatively constant internal environment despite changes in the external environment Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is an example of a positive feedback mechanism?

Childbirth Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the internal environment of the body?

Milieu Interieur Signup and view all the answers

What percentage of the body is made up of water in an average young male?

60% Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of homeostasis in regulating the body's metabolic rate?

To maintain a constant metabolic rate despite changes in the external environment Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the ability of cells to regulate their volume?

Volume regulation Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the relatively constant temperature of the body?

Body temperature Signup and view all the answers

What is the normal plasma ion concentration range in terms of osmolarity?

180-290 Signup and view all the answers

What happens to the osmolarity of the external environment during exercise?

It increases Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of a decrease in glucose 6 dehydrogenase on NADPH production?

It decreases NADPH production Signup and view all the answers

What type of solution is 0.45% saline compared to 0.9% saline?

Hypotonic Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary mechanism of water movement across a membrane?

Passive diffusion Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of the protein involved in water transport across a membrane?

Aquaporin 1 Signup and view all the answers

What percentage of body weight is composed of total body water?

60% Signup and view all the answers

What is the osmolarity of the extracellular fluid (ECF) and intracellular fluid (ICF)?

290-300 mOsm/kg Signup and view all the answers

What happens to the movement of water when the ion concentration outside the cell increases?

Water moves out of the cell Signup and view all the answers

What is the approximate volume of plasma in the body?

3.5 L Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the equilibrium between the extracellular and intracellular fluid spaces?

To maintain cellular homeostasis Signup and view all the answers

What is the approximate percentage of body weight composed of interstitial fluid?

15% Signup and view all the answers

What drives the movement of H2O into the extracellular space?

Hydrostatic pressure Signup and view all the answers

What is the net result of Na+/K+ ATPase activity?

Decreased sodium and increased potassium inside the cell Signup and view all the answers

What is the response of cells to cell shrinking?

Regulatory volume increase Signup and view all the answers

What is the consequence of rapid fluid replacement during dehydration?

Cell swelling and oedema Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the process by which cells respond to an increase in extracellular osmolarity?