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Questions and Answers
What is the purpose of Electrophoresis in the laboratory?
What is the purpose of Electrophoresis in the laboratory?
Which laboratory technique is commonly used to detect antibodies in the blood?
Which laboratory technique is commonly used to detect antibodies in the blood?
How is Hybridoma technology used in the laboratory?
How is Hybridoma technology used in the laboratory?
What is the function of Centrifugation in the molecular biology laboratory?
What is the function of Centrifugation in the molecular biology laboratory?
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Which technique involves injecting an antigen into a mammal to provoke an immune response?
Which technique involves injecting an antigen into a mammal to provoke an immune response?
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What is the primary purpose of ELISA in the laboratory?
What is the primary purpose of ELISA in the laboratory?
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What is the purpose of centrifugation in the process described?
What is the purpose of centrifugation in the process described?
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In the context of centrifugation, what happens if the subcellular component is larger?
In the context of centrifugation, what happens if the subcellular component is larger?
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Which method is used to separate organelles and other sub-cellular components based on sedimentation rate?
Which method is used to separate organelles and other sub-cellular components based on sedimentation rate?
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What happens during lysis in this context?
What happens during lysis in this context?
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What is the main effect of using a dense medium in density gradient centrifugation?
What is the main effect of using a dense medium in density gradient centrifugation?
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Which technique involves filtering a homogenate solution through gauze to obtain a filtrate containing a mixture of organelles?
Which technique involves filtering a homogenate solution through gauze to obtain a filtrate containing a mixture of organelles?
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What is the primary objective of cell fractionation?
What is the primary objective of cell fractionation?
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Why is it necessary to use an ice-cold solution during the extraction step of cell fractionation?
Why is it necessary to use an ice-cold solution during the extraction step of cell fractionation?
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Which step of cell fractionation involves placing sample tissues under mild conditions before using them?
Which step of cell fractionation involves placing sample tissues under mild conditions before using them?
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What is the purpose of using an isotonic buffer solution during cell fractionation?
What is the purpose of using an isotonic buffer solution during cell fractionation?
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Why is it important to use a buffered solution in cell fractionation?
Why is it important to use a buffered solution in cell fractionation?
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Which technique is used to separate cellular components in cell fractionation?
Which technique is used to separate cellular components in cell fractionation?
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Study Notes
Electrophoresis
- A laboratory technique for separating charged molecules, such as proteins and nucleic acids, based on their size and charge.
- It allows for the analysis of biomolecules and is essential in genetic research and protein studies.
Antibody Detection
- Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) is commonly used to detect antibodies in blood.
- ELISA provides quantitative and qualitative analysis of the immune response.
Hybridoma Technology
- Involves the fusion of myeloma cells with activated B cells, creating hybrid cells that produce monoclonal antibodies.
- Used for the production of specific antibodies for research, diagnostics, and therapeutic purposes.
Centrifugation in Molecular Biology
- A technique to separate components of a mixture based on differences in density by spinning samples at high speeds.
- Helps isolate organelles, proteins, and nucleic acids for further analysis.
Antigen Injection
- Immunization involves injecting an antigen into a mammal to provoke an immune response and generate specific antibodies.
- This technique is crucial for vaccine development and antibody production.
Primary Purpose of ELISA
- To detect and quantify proteins, particularly antibodies, in a sample.
- Facilitates studies on immune responses, disease markers, and biomarker identification.
Purpose of Centrifugation
- Separates and purifies cellular components to analyze specific organelles and molecules.
- Enhances the clarity and usability of samples for further experiments.
Subcellular Component Impact
- If the subcellular component is larger, it sediments at a higher rate during centrifugation.
- This affects separation efficiency during the centrifugation process.
Separation Method for Organelles
- Differential centrifugation separates organelles based on their sedimentation rate, allowing for isolation of specific components.
Lysis in Context
- Refers to the breakdown of cell membranes, releasing cellular contents for analysis.
- Essential in preparing samples for extraction and purification of biomolecules.
Dense Medium in Density Gradient Centrifugation
- Using a dense medium enhances the separation of components based on density.
- Allows for the precise isolation of organelles and macromolecules.
Filtration Technique
- Homogenization followed by filtration through gauze is used to obtain a filtrate that contains a mixture of organelles.
- This step helps remove larger debris while retaining smaller components.
Objective of Cell Fractionation
- To isolate and analyze specific cellular components to study their functions and interactions.
- Facilitates in-depth analysis of molecular biology at the cellular level.
Ice-Cold Solution in Cell Fractionation
- Ice-cold solutions are used to prevent enzymatic degradation during extraction.
- Helps maintain sample integrity by minimizing biochemical reactions.
Tissue Preparation Step
- Placing sample tissues under mild conditions (e.g., controlled temperature) before processing reduces stress and damage to cells.
- Ensures better quality and yield of cellular components.
Isotonic Buffer Solution Purpose
- An isotonic buffer solution maintains osmotic balance, preventing cell lysis or shrinkage during cell fractionation.
- Preserves the relative structure and function of organelles.
Importance of Buffered Solution
- Buffered solutions stabilize pH during cell fractionation, which is critical for maintaining enzyme activity and cellular integrity.
- Ensures that reactions occur under optimal conditions for effective separation.
Technique for Cellular Component Separation
- Cell fractionation utilizes centrifugation and other methods (like filtration) to separate and characterize cellular components.
- Key in understanding cellular structures and their specific functions.
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Description
Test your knowledge on cell fractionation techniques such as lysis, filtration, and centrifugation. Learn how organelles are separated based on density and size to obtain different components of a cell mixture.
