50 Questions
Which event in cell division involves the equal distribution of the duplicated genetic material to each of 2 new daughter cells?
Mitosis
What is the purpose of mitosis?
To separate and distribute DNA molecules
Which phase of the cell cycle is responsible for the duplication of genetic material?
S phase
Which event in cell division involves the division of cytoplasm to each of the 2 new daughter cells?
Cytokinesis
What is the purpose of meiosis?
To form haploid gametes
Which event in cell division involves two cell divisions and results in the formation of 4 haploid gametes?
Meiosis
Which phase of the cell cycle is responsible for the equal distribution of the duplicated genetic material to each of 2 new daughter cells?
Metaphase
Which event in cell division keeps the chromosome numbers constant through generations?
Meiosis
Which event in cell division increases genetic variability in the population through genetic recombination?
Meiosis
Which type of cells are produced in the female ovaries and male testes through cell division?
Haploid gametes
Which process produces cells that are identical to the parent cell?
Mitosis
What is the purpose of Meiosis?
To produce gametes
What is the genetic composition of cells produced through Meiosis?
Not identical as parent cell
Which process involves the pairing of homologous chromosomes?
Meiosis
What is the haploid number of chromosomes in humans?
23
What is the diploid number of chromosomes in humans?
46
What is the genetic material that carries information for making proteins in our bodies?
DNA
What is the purpose of Mitosis?
To produce somatic cells
What is the genetic makeup of a cell or organism called?
Genotype
What is the total number of genes in the human body?
Approximately 23,000
According to Gregor Mendel's experiments, which of the following statements is true?
All of the above
What did Gregor Mendel hypothesize about the "heritable units" in parents?
All of the above
What is the term used to describe the "heritable unit" discovered by Gregor Mendel?
Gene
When did the term "genes" first appear?
After Mendel's death
What is the Law of Segregation based on?
Predictions from one-trait crosses
What is the Law of Independent Assortment based on?
Predictions from two-trait crosses
What does genotype refer to?
The genes an individual carries
What does phenotype refer to?
An individual's observable traits
What is an allele?
An alternative form of a gene
What is the difference between homozygous and heterozygous genotypes?
Homozygous genotypes have two identical alleles, while heterozygous genotypes have two different alleles
Which term describes traits that result from the interactions of many genes, rather than the expression of just one gene?
Polygenic traits
What is the term for traits that are influenced by both genes and the environment?
Multifactorial traits
Which chromosome pair determines the sex of an individual?
23rd pair
Which type of inheritance is characterized by the allele being located on the X-chromosome?
X-linked inheritance
What is the purpose of a Punnett square?
All of the above
What is the purpose of pedigree charts?
All of the above
Which type of genetic variation may be due to mutations perpetuated in small, isolated populations?
Genetic variations
Which process involves the conversion of DNA to mRNA?
Transcription
What is the term for the process of converting mRNA into a protein?
Translation
What is the flow of genetic information from DNA to protein known as?
The Central Dogma
Which of the following is true about the genetic code?
All organisms have the same genetic code
How many codons code for amino acids in the genetic code?
64
Which codon acts as the 'start signal' for amino acid chain sequences?
AUG
Which of the following codons act as 'stop signals' indicating the end of a message?
UAA
What is the sequence of the peptide if the mRNA sequence is AUGUUUCAG?
Met-Phe-Gln
What does the term 'NH2' represent in the correct sequence of the peptide?
Amino group
What does the term 'COOH' represent in the correct sequence of the peptide?
Carboxyl group
How many stop signals are there in the genetic code?
3
What is the purpose of the start signal codon AUG?
To code for the amino acid methionine
What is the purpose of the stop signal codons UAA, UAG, and UGA?
To indicate the end of a message
Test your knowledge on cell division and the three distinct but interconnected events that occur: replication, mitosis, and cytokinesis. Explore the process of DNA duplication, distribution of genetic material to daughter cells, and the division of the cytoplasm.
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