Cell Division Quiz

Mitosis is the process of cell division that results in two identical daughter cells, each with the same number of chromosomes as the parent cell. Meiosis, on the other hand, results in four non-identical daughter cells with half the number of chromosomes as the parent cell, and is involved in the formation of gametes (sex cells).

During the cell cycle, chromosomes can be identified as thread-like structures that condense into visible structures as cells prepare for division. In mitosis, chromosomes go through stages such as prophase, metaphase, anaphase, and telophase, where they condense, align at the cell's center, separate, and finally decondense, respectively.

Mitosis occurs in the meristem tissue of plant cells, which is responsible for growth and repair. One key difference from animal cells is that plant cells have a rigid cell wall, so during cytokinesis, a new cell wall called the cell plate forms between the two daughter cells.

Oxygen and glucose are transported across cell membranes through passive diffusion, facilitated diffusion, and active transport. The graph depicting their transport would likely show the rates of diffusion and active transport over time, demonstrating the different mechanisms and their efficiencies in transporting these molecules.

Chromosomes appear as condensed structures during cell division and can be identified by their characteristic shape and size. In mitosis, daughter cells are identical to the parent cell, while in meiosis, daughter cells are genetically diverse. Mitosis occurs in the meristematic tissues of plant cells, while in animal cells, it occurs throughout the body. Plant cells have a rigid cell wall, so cytokinesis occurs differently compared to animal cells.

During mitosis, chromosomes condense in prophase, align at the metaphase plate in metaphase, separate and move to opposite poles in anaphase, and de-condense in telophase. To calculate the size of the chromosomes using a scale bar, measure the length of the chromosomes in the image and use the scale bar to convert the measurements.

Oxygen is transported across cell membranes via diffusion, while glucose is transported through facilitated diffusion or active transport. The graph depicting the transport of these molecules would show the rate of diffusion or transport over time, with different concentrations or gradients affecting the rate.

Ribosomes are responsible for protein synthesis, while mitochondria are the site of ATP production through cellular respiration. Both organelles are involved in the transport of molecules across membranes, with ribosomes synthesizing proteins for membrane transport and mitochondria facilitating the transport of molecules involved in respiration and energy production.