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Questions and Answers
What process is essential for sexual reproduction as it produces haploid gametes?
What process is essential for sexual reproduction as it produces haploid gametes?
Which division of meiosis is similar to mitosis?
Which division of meiosis is similar to mitosis?
What happens during crossing over in meiosis?
What happens during crossing over in meiosis?
Which division retains the haploid number of chromosomes after meiosis I?
Which division retains the haploid number of chromosomes after meiosis I?
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How does the body of an individual develop after fertilization?
How does the body of an individual develop after fertilization?
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What is the main purpose of mitosis?
What is the main purpose of mitosis?
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What is the life cycle of a cell called?
What is the life cycle of a cell called?
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How many phases does a cell have in its life cycle?
How many phases does a cell have in its life cycle?
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What is the difference between a diploid cell and a haploid cell?
What is the difference between a diploid cell and a haploid cell?
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Which type of cell division results in the formation of gametes?
Which type of cell division results in the formation of gametes?
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What happens to the chromosome number during the first division of meiosis?
What happens to the chromosome number during the first division of meiosis?
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What is the main difference between meiosis I and meiosis II?
What is the main difference between meiosis I and meiosis II?
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During which phase of meiosis does crossing over occur?
During which phase of meiosis does crossing over occur?
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What is the function of meiosis in sexual reproduction?
What is the function of meiosis in sexual reproduction?
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Which term describes a cell that contains two sets of chromosomes?
Which term describes a cell that contains two sets of chromosomes?
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What is the significance of independent assortment during meiosis?
What is the significance of independent assortment during meiosis?
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What happens to the chromosome number during meiosis?
What happens to the chromosome number during meiosis?
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During which process is the chromosome number reduced by half?
During which process is the chromosome number reduced by half?
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What is the main function of mitosis in multicellular organisms?
What is the main function of mitosis in multicellular organisms?
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Which event occurs during prophase I of meiosis?
Which event occurs during prophase I of meiosis?
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What is the role of crossing over in meiosis?
What is the role of crossing over in meiosis?
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Which phase of the cell cycle immediately follows mitosis?
Which phase of the cell cycle immediately follows mitosis?
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What is the outcome of meiosis II in terms of chromosome number?
What is the outcome of meiosis II in terms of chromosome number?
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Study Notes
Cell Division
- Cell division is essential for the replacement of old, worn out, and injured body cells.
- It is also involved in the asexual reproduction of multicellular organisms.
Mitosis
- Mitosis is the process of cell division that results in two daughter cells identical to the parent cell.
- It consists of a growth phase (interphase) and a division phase (mitotic phase).
- The newly formed daughter cell has a period of growth before it reaches the fate of its mother cell.
Meiosis
- Meiosis is the process of cell division that occurs in reproductive cells (gametes) for sexual reproduction.
- It consists of two successive divisions that result in four new haploid cells (gametes).
- A diploid cell has two sets of chromosomes, while a haploid cell has one set of chromosomes.
- Meiosis occurs prior to gamete formation (oogenesis and spermatogenesis) in animals.
Meiosis I (Reductional Division)
- The chromosome number of the two daughter cells is half that of the mother cell, resulting in haploid cells.
- Each chromosome remains replicated, consisting of two chromatids.
Meiosis II (Equational Division)
- The two daughter chromatids of each chromosome separate, forming new cells.
- The number of chromosomes remains haploid.
Differences between Mitosis and Meiosis
- Mitosis produces two identical diploid daughter cells, whereas meiosis produces four haploid gametes.
- Mitosis can occur in somatic cells, while meiosis occurs in reproductive cells.
- Mitosis does not produce variations, whereas meiosis produces genetic variations due to crossing over and random fertilization.
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Description
Explore the process of cell division in organisms through the stages of mitosis and meiosis. Understand how cells replicate, grow, and divide to replace old or damaged cells and for asexual reproduction. Learn about the phases of the cell cycle and the differences between mitosis and meiosis.
