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Questions and Answers
Quais são as principais diferenças entre a mitose e a meiose em termos de número de células-filhas?
Quais são as principais diferenças entre a mitose e a meiose em termos de número de células-filhas?
Qual é o resultado da meiose em termos de número de cromossomos nas células-filhas?
Qual é o resultado da meiose em termos de número de cromossomos nas células-filhas?
Qual é a principal contribuição da meiose para a variação genética?
Qual é a principal contribuição da meiose para a variação genética?
Quais são as principais diferenças entre a prophase I e a prophase II?
Quais são as principais diferenças entre a prophase I e a prophase II?
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Qual é o resultado final da meiose em termos de número de células?
Qual é o resultado final da meiose em termos de número de células?
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Qual é o propósito da mitose?
Qual é o propósito da mitose?
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Quantas células-filhas são produzidas no final da mitose?
Quantas células-filhas são produzidas no final da mitose?
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Qual é a principal diferença entre a mitose e a meiose?
Qual é a principal diferença entre a mitose e a meiose?
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Qual é a fase da mitose em que os cromossomos se alinham no centro da célula?
Qual é a fase da mitose em que os cromossomos se alinham no centro da célula?
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Qual é o propósito biológico da meiose?
Qual é o propósito biológico da meiose?
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Study Notes
Cell Division
Mitosis
- Definition: Process of cell division that results in two daughter cells with the same number of chromosomes as the parent cell.
- Purpose: Allows for growth, repair, and replacement of cells in multicellular organisms.
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Stages:
- Interphase: Cell grows, replicates DNA, and prepares for cell division.
- Prophase: Chromatin condenses, nuclear envelope breaks down, and centrioles move to opposite poles.
- Metaphase: Chromosomes line up at the center of the cell, attached to the spindle fibers.
- Anaphase: Sister chromatids separate and move to opposite poles.
- Telophase: Nuclear envelope reforms, and chromatin uncondenses.
- Cytokinesis: Cytoplasm divides, and the cell splits into two daughter cells.
Meiosis
- Definition: Process of cell division that results in four non-identical daughter cells with half the number of chromosomes as the parent cell.
- Purpose: Allows for genetic variation and the production of gametes (sperm and egg cells) in sexually reproducing organisms.
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Stages:
- Interphase: Cell grows, replicates DNA, and prepares for cell division.
- Prophase I: Chromatin condenses, nuclear envelope breaks down, and homologous chromosomes pair up.
- Metaphase I: Paired chromosomes line up at the center of the cell, attached to the spindle fibers.
- Anaphase I: Homologous chromosomes separate and move to opposite poles.
- Telophase I: Nuclear envelope reforms, and chromatin uncondenses.
- Prophase II: Chromosomes condense, nuclear envelope breaks down, and centrioles move to opposite poles.
- Metaphase II: Chromosomes line up at the center of the cell, attached to the spindle fibers.
- Anaphase II: Sister chromatids separate and move to opposite poles.
- Telophase II: Nuclear envelope reforms, and chromatin uncondenses.
- Cytokinesis: Cytoplasm divides, and the cell splits into four daughter cells.
Key Differences between Mitosis and Meiosis
- Number of daughter cells: Mitosis produces 2 daughter cells, while meiosis produces 4 daughter cells.
- Number of chromosomes: Mitosis results in daughter cells with the same number of chromosomes as the parent cell, while meiosis results in daughter cells with half the number of chromosomes.
- Genetic variation: Meiosis introduces genetic variation through crossing over and independent assortment, while mitosis does not.
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Description
Test your knowledge of cell division processes, including mitosis and meiosis, and their purposes in multicellular organisms. Learn about the stages of each process and the key differences between them.