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Questions and Answers
What is the primary function of the centromere in a chromosome?
What is the primary function of the centromere in a chromosome?
During which phase of the cell cycle is DNA replicated?
During which phase of the cell cycle is DNA replicated?
Which of the following best describes the relationship between chromosomes and chromatin?
Which of the following best describes the relationship between chromosomes and chromatin?
What is the correct order of the phases of mitosis?
What is the correct order of the phases of mitosis?
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What is the outcome of mitosis?
What is the outcome of mitosis?
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Which of the following occurs during the G2 phase of the cell cycle?
Which of the following occurs during the G2 phase of the cell cycle?
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Where does mitosis occur?
Where does mitosis occur?
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What is the purpose of the cell cycle?
What is the purpose of the cell cycle?
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Study Notes
Cell Division in Eukaryotes
- Eukaryotic cell division comprises mitosis (nucleus division) and cytokinesis (cytoplasm division).
- Mitosis produces two genetically identical daughter cells with the same chromosome number as the parent cell.
Chromosomes
- Each chromosome is composed of two identical sister chromatids.
- Chromatids are attached at the centromere.
- Chromosomes carry genetic information passed between generations.
- Before cell division, chromosomes duplicate.
- Chromatin are long thin strands of DNA and protein, holding DNA together during chromosome formation.
The Cell Cycle
- The cell cycle describes the series of events cells undergo to grow and divide, forming daughter cells.
- Stages include growth, preparation for division, and division into two daughter cells, restarting the cycle.
- Interphase is the growth period between cell divisions. Cells spend most of their lifetime in interphase.
Interphase subphases
- G1 (First Gap Phase): Cell growth, protein and organelle synthesis.
- S (DNA Replication Phase): Chromosome replication; DNA synthesis occurs.
- G2 (Second Gap Phase): Production of organelles and molecules required for cell division; prepares cell for mitosis (M phase).
Mitosis
- Mitosis occurs in somatic (body) cells.
- It produces two identical daughter cells.
- The process is organized into four phases: Prophase, Metaphase, Anaphase, Telophase (PMAT).
Mitosis Phases
- Prophase: The first phase of mitosis.
- Metaphase: The second phase of mitosis.
- Anaphase: The third phase of mitosis.
- Telophase: The final phase of mitosis.
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Description
This quiz covers the essentials of cell division in eukaryotes, including mitosis and cytokinesis. You'll learn about chromosomes, the cell cycle, and the various phases of interphase. Test your knowledge of these fundamental biological processes!
