L13 MCQ Cell Division in Different Cell Types
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Questions and Answers

Which phase of the cell cycle is characterized by DNA replication?

  • G1 phase
  • S phase (correct)
  • M phase
  • G2 phase

    • Which type of cells divide frequently throughout life?

  • Skin cells (correct)
  • Muscle cells
  • Liver cells
  • Mature nerve cells

    • Which phase of the cell cycle do mature nerve cells and muscle cells enter into and do not divide at all?

  • G0 phase (correct)
  • M phase
  • S phase
  • G1 phase

    • Which phase of the cell cycle is characterized by cell growth and preparation for DNA replication?

    <p>G1 phase</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which phase of the cell cycle is characterized by cell growth and preparation for cell division?

    <p>G2 phase</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of cells have the ability to quickly reassemble the cell cycle control system and re-enter the cell cycle?

    <p>Liver cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which phase of the cell cycle is characterized by cell division?

    <p>M phase</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which phase of the cell cycle is characterized by temporary disassembly of the cell cycle control system?

    <p>G2 phase</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which phase of mitosis is characterized by the disappearance of nucleoli and condensation of chromatin fibers into discrete chromosomes?

    <p>Prophase</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the specialized center on each chromatid called, located at the centromere?

    <p>Kinetochore</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which phase of mitosis is characterized by the alignment of all chromosomes on the metaphase plate?

    <p>Metaphase</p> Signup and view all the answers

    During which phase of mitosis do the centrosomes move apart?

    <p>Prophase</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the process of division of cytoplasm and organelles called in mitosis?

    <p>Cytokinesis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which phase of meiosis is characterized by the condensation of chromosomes and synapsis of homologous chromosomes to form a tetrad?

    <p>Prophase I</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the sites of crossing over during meiosis?

    <p>Chiasmata</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the process that creates variation in the offspring's traits during meiosis?

    <p>Crossing over</p> Signup and view all the answers

    During metaphase I of meiosis, tetrads align on the metaphase plate. How are the sister chromatids attached to the spindle fibers?

    <p>By their centromeres</p> Signup and view all the answers

    During metaphase I of meiosis, both kinetochores of sister chromatids face the same pole. What is the orientation of the centromeres of the homologous chromosomes?

    <p>They face opposite poles</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What occurs during anaphase I of meiosis?

    <p>Homologous chromosomes separate</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens to the sister chromatids during anaphase I of meiosis?

    <p>They remain attached</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What occurs during telophase I of meiosis?

    <p>Nuclear envelope reforms</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the ploidy of the daughter cells after telophase I of meiosis?

    <p>Haploid with unduplicated chromosomes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is non-disjunction?

    <p>The failure of homologous chromosomes to separate during meiosis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the result of non-disjunction during meiosis?

    <p>Production of zygotes with abnormal chromosome numbers</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of independent assortment during meiosis?

    <p>To ensure genetic diversity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which protein plays a key role at the G1 checkpoint?

    <p>Retinoblastoma (Rb)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the composition of MPF (M-phase Promoting Factor)?

    <p>CDC2 and Cyclin B</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which checkpoint prevents the cell from entering M phase if the genome is damaged?

    <p>G2/M checkpoint</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the process that triggers progression to M phase by phosphorylating a number of proteins?

    <p>MPF</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the transition between Prophase and Metaphase I in oocyte maturation?

    <p>Germinal vesicle breakdown</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the target of MAP kinase with CSF (Cytostatic factor) activity?

    <p>Protein kinase p90 (Rsk)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the process that ends the CSF-induced Met II arrest of eggs in oocyte maturation?

    <p>Dephosphorylation of tyrosine-15 and threonine-14 inhibitory kinases</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of MPF inhibition during meiosis I in oocyte maturation?

    <p>To promote homologous chromosomes segregation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the arrest of eggs at Metaphase II in oocyte maturation?

    <p>Metaphase II arrest</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the process that mediates the arrest of eggs by inhibiting the anaphase-promoting complex (APC) in oocyte maturation?

    <p>Cytostatic factor (CSF) activity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a function of cell division?

    <p>Immune cell proliferation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the three checkpoints in the cell cycle?

    <p>G1/S, S/G2, G2/M</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is true about cyclin dependent kinases (Cdk)?

    <p>Cdk requires the presence of cyclins to be active</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which external signal controls the passage of cells from the G1 phase into the S phase?

    <p>Growth factors</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which external signal is required for fibroblast division in wound healing?

    <p>Platelet-derived Growth Factor (PDGF)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a physical factor that can inhibit cell division?

    <p>Physical factors</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which regulatory molecules act as a checkpoint in the cell cycle?

    <p>Kinases</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of growth factors in the cell cycle?

    <p>To regulate the passage of cells from G1 phase to S phase</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a function of external signals in the cell cycle?

    <p>Phosphorylating molecules</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of cyclins in the cell cycle?

    <p>To regulate the passage of cells from G1 phase to S phase</p> Signup and view all the answers

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