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Cell Differentiation Process

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Questions and Answers

What is the main outcome of signal transduction cascades during cell differentiation?

Chromosomal rearrangement

Changes in gene expression (correct)

Apoptosis

Cell division

When does commitment to a cell fate become irreversible during differentiation?

At the beginning of cell differentiation

When neighboring cells signal

During the specialization stage (correct)

After moving the cell to a new location

What is the term used to describe a cell that has fully committed to a differentiated state?

Multipotency

Specialization

Determination (correct)

Proliferation

What type of vision are rods specialized for?

Night and black and white vision (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of photoreceptor cells in the retina?

Detect light (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the main reason for cell differentiation in multicellular organisms?

To create different cell types needed for specialization (C) Signup and view all the answers

How many different cell types are present in humans?

Exactly 200 (A) Signup and view all the answers

What ensures that cells have different functions despite containing the same DNA?

Gene expression control (C) Signup and view all the answers

Why do multicellular organisms need different types of cells?

To maintain homeostasis (D) Signup and view all the answers

What role does cell differentiation play in the development of humans?

It creates the diverse cell types needed for organs (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of transcription factors in cell differentiation?

Transcription factors activate or repress gene expression by binding to the promoter sequence in DNA. (C) Signup and view all the answers

Why are tissue-specific proteins important in cell differentiation?

They help change the structure and function of cells in specific tissues. (B) Signup and view all the answers

How do signaling molecules contribute to cell differentiation?

By activating or repressing transcription factors. (B) Signup and view all the answers

What distinguishes heterochromatin from euchromatin in terms of gene expression?

Heterochromatin is tightly condensed and represses gene expression, whereas euchromatin allows gene expression. (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the main difference between cytoplasmic localization and cytoplasmic induction in terms of cell differentiation?

Cytoplasmic localization is based on signaling molecules distribution, while cytoplasmic induction relies on zygote division. (D) Signup and view all the answers