Cell Cycle

Genetic Information Terminology

• The complete set of genetic information in an organism is referred to as the genome. It encompasses all of the organism's DNA, including genes and non-coding sequences.

Units of Genetic Information

• Discrete units of information found in DNA are known as genes. Each gene contains the instructions for making proteins and can influence various traits and functions in an organism.

Gene Location

• The specific location of a gene on a chromosome is termed the locus. This position helps in identifying the gene's role and its relationship with other genes.

Chromosome Classification

• Chromosomes with the same height and shape are classified as homologous chromosomes. These pairs carry the same types of genes, though they may contain different alleles.

Condensed Chromosome Structure

• Condensed chromosomes arranged in pairs are called bivalents during the process of meiosis. This arrangement facilitates the proper segregation of chromosomes during cell division.