Podcast
Questions and Answers
What is the primary function of the S phase in the cell cycle?
Which phase of the cell cycle accounts for the majority of the duration?
What does karyokinesis refer to in the context of the cell cycle?
What happens to the amount of DNA during the S phase if it starts at 2C?
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Which phase takes place directly after mitosis?
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Which statement regarding the chromosome number during the S phase is correct?
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What is the final step of the M phase?
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Which organism is cited as having a notably shorter cell cycle duration?
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Study Notes
Cell Cycle Phases
- Interphase and M Phase (Mitosis Phase) are the two main phases of the cell cycle.
- M Phase represents the phase of actual cell division or mitosis.
- Interphase is a "resting" phase between two successive M phases.
- The duration of the cell cycle varies across organisms and cell types.
- A typical human cell cycle is approximately 24 hours, with the M phase lasting about one hour.
- Interphase accounts for over 95% of the cell cycle duration.
- The M phase begins with karyokinesis (nuclear division) followed by cytokinesis (cytoplasm division).
Interphase: Growth and DNA Replication
- Interphase is a crucial period for cell growth and DNA replication.
- Interphase is divided into three phases:
- G1 Phase (Gap 1): Cells grow and organelles duplicate.
- S Phase (Synthesis): DNA synthesis occurs, and centrioles duplicate.
- G2 Phase (Gap 2): Further cell growth, protein synthesis, and preparation for mitosis.
- During G1, the cell is metabolically active and grows continuously but does not replicate DNA.
- The S phase is the period of DNA replication, doubling the amount of DNA per cell.
- Although the amount of DNA doubles, the chromosome number remains the same (e.g., a diploid cell (2n) remains diploid (2n) after S phase).
- The G2 phase prepares the cell for mitosis by initiating DNA replication in the nucleus and duplicating centrioles in the cytoplasm.
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Description
This quiz covers the essential phases of the cell cycle, focusing on Interphase and M Phase. Understand the significance of each stage in cellular growth and DNA replication, as well as the duration and processes involved. Test your knowledge on how these phases contribute to cell division.
