WK 3: Cell cycle and division

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What is the primary function of G1 phase in the cell cycle?

Metaphase

Spindle pole duplication

Growth of the cell following cell division (correct)

DNA synthesis

What is the term for a cell that is unable to proliferate and leave the cell cycle?

Labile cell

Somatic cell

Stable cell

Permanent cell (correct)

What is the term for the part of a chromosome that joins two sister chromatids?

Chromatid

Centromere (correct)

Chromosome

Gamete

What is the process by which a single mother cell leads to two identical daughter cells?

Mitosis (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for a cell that continuously divides and regenerates?

Labile cell (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the process by which gametes are produced?

Meiosis (A) Signup and view all the answers

What happens to the chromosomes at the centromere during anaphase of mitosis?

One chromatid moves to one pole, the other to the other pole (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of mitosis in terms of the number of chromosomes per cell?

The number of chromosomes remains the same (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of meiosis?

To produce gametes with halved chromosome number (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the stage of mitosis where chromosomes line up along the middle of the cell?

Metaphase (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of the M checkpoint in mitosis?

Spindle attachment is corrected (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the process of cell division that results in two identical daughter cells?

Mitosis (A) Signup and view all the answers

What occurs in germ cells?

Meiosis (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of cytokinesis in meiosis?

Four haploid cells (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of mitosis in somatic cells?

Two diploid cells (A) Signup and view all the answers

What occurs during prophase I of meiosis?

Pairing of homologs and crossing over (A) Signup and view all the answers

What happens to sister chromatids during anaphase I of meiosis?

They do not divide (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of fertilisation?

One diploid nucleus (A) Signup and view all the answers

How many unique combinations of chromosomes can result from the process of crossing over during meiosis?

8,388,608 (C) Signup and view all the answers

During which stage of meiosis do the homologous pairs separate?

Anaphase I (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of Telophase I in meiosis?

23 chromosomes per cell (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the main difference between Meiosis II and Mitosis?

Meiosis II starts with half the number of chromosomes (A) Signup and view all the answers

During which stage of meiosis do the centromeres divide?

Anaphase II (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of the combination of Telophase II and cytokinesis in meiosis?

Two gametes with 23 chromosomes (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the process of cell division that results in two genetically identical daughter cells?

Mitosis (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of the chromosomes that occur in pairs, with one inherited from each parent?

Homologous chromosomes (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for a reproductive cell that is capable of being fertilized and reproducing an entire organism?

Gamete (B) Signup and view all the answers