Podcast
Questions and Answers
If a mammalian cell completes its cycle in 24 hours, and the S phase lasts for 8 hours, approximately what percentage of the total cell cycle is spent in DNA replication?
If a mammalian cell completes its cycle in 24 hours, and the S phase lasts for 8 hours, approximately what percentage of the total cell cycle is spent in DNA replication?
- 33.33% (correct)
- 16.67%
- 50%
- 8%
Which of the following is the key distinction between karyokinesis and cytokinesis?
Which of the following is the key distinction between karyokinesis and cytokinesis?
- Karyokinesis involves cytoplasm division, whereas cytokinesis involves nuclear division.
- Karyokinesis involves nuclear division, whereas cytokinesis involves cytoplasm division. (correct)
- Karyokinesis and cytokinesis both occur during interphase.
- Karyokinesis only occurs in somatic cells, whereas cytokinesis only occurs in germ cells.
A researcher treats cells with a chemical that inhibits protein synthesis during the G1 phase. What is the most likely outcome of this treatment?
A researcher treats cells with a chemical that inhibits protein synthesis during the G1 phase. What is the most likely outcome of this treatment?
- Cells will skip the S phase and directly enter the G2 phase.
- Cells will divide without replicating their DNA.
- Cells will immediately proceed to the S phase without any impact.
- Cells will be delayed in the G1 phase, potentially not entering the S phase. (correct)
A cell in the G2 phase of interphase has 46 chromosomes. After the S phase, how many chromatids are present in the same cell?
A cell in the G2 phase of interphase has 46 chromosomes. After the S phase, how many chromatids are present in the same cell?
Which of the following is a characteristic of cells in the G0 phase?
Which of the following is a characteristic of cells in the G0 phase?
Why is mitosis essential for both unicellular and multicellular organisms?
Why is mitosis essential for both unicellular and multicellular organisms?
A cell with 20 chromosomes undergoes mitosis. How many chromosomes will each daughter cell have?
A cell with 20 chromosomes undergoes mitosis. How many chromosomes will each daughter cell have?
Which event is a characteristic of metaphase?
Which event is a characteristic of metaphase?
What is the direct consequence of the splitting of the centromere during anaphase?
What is the direct consequence of the splitting of the centromere during anaphase?
Crossing over is a significant event that takes place during meiosis. In which specific stage does crossing over occur?
Crossing over is a significant event that takes place during meiosis. In which specific stage does crossing over occur?
What is the primary function of pairing between homologous chromosomes during zygotene?
What is the primary function of pairing between homologous chromosomes during zygotene?
How would inhibiting cytokinesis impact a cell undergoing mitosis?
How would inhibiting cytokinesis impact a cell undergoing mitosis?
During which phase of the cell cycle does a cell make the decision to commit to cell division, and what is the primary checkpoint that regulates this decision?
During which phase of the cell cycle does a cell make the decision to commit to cell division, and what is the primary checkpoint that regulates this decision?
A researcher discovers a mutant cell line where cells progress through the cell cycle very quickly, spending less time in interphase. What is the most likely consequence of this rapid progression?
A researcher discovers a mutant cell line where cells progress through the cell cycle very quickly, spending less time in interphase. What is the most likely consequence of this rapid progression?
A drug that stabilizes microtubules is introduced into a cell culture. Which phase of mitosis would be most directly affected?
A drug that stabilizes microtubules is introduced into a cell culture. Which phase of mitosis would be most directly affected?
If a cell lacked the ability to perform the G2 checkpoint function, what would be the most likely result?
If a cell lacked the ability to perform the G2 checkpoint function, what would be the most likely result?
A researcher observes a cell undergoing mitosis where the sister chromatids fail to separate properly. This is most likely due to a malfunction during which phase?
A researcher observes a cell undergoing mitosis where the sister chromatids fail to separate properly. This is most likely due to a malfunction during which phase?
Some cells, like nerve and muscle cells, enter a permanent G0 phase. What does this indicate about their ability to divide?
Some cells, like nerve and muscle cells, enter a permanent G0 phase. What does this indicate about their ability to divide?
A cell is treated with a drug that prevents the formation of the mitotic spindle. What stage of mitosis will be directly affected?
A cell is treated with a drug that prevents the formation of the mitotic spindle. What stage of mitosis will be directly affected?
How does the process of mitosis contribute to the development of a multicellular organism from a single fertilized egg?
How does the process of mitosis contribute to the development of a multicellular organism from a single fertilized egg?
Flashcards
Mammalian Cell Cycle Span
Mammalian Cell Cycle Span
Approximately 24 hours, including interphase (G1, S, G2) and mitotic (M) phase.
Cytokinesis
Cytokinesis
Division of cytoplasm into two separate daughter cells, occurring in late mitotic stages.
Karyokinesis
Karyokinesis
Division of the cell's nucleus during mitosis or meiosis, separating genetic material.
Interphase Events
Interphase Events
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G0 (Quiescent Phase)
G0 (Quiescent Phase)
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Why Mitosis is Equational
Why Mitosis is Equational
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Chromosomes at Spindle Equator
Chromosomes at Spindle Equator
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Centromere Splits, Chromatids Separate
Centromere Splits, Chromatids Separate
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Pairing of Homologous Chromosomes
Pairing of Homologous Chromosomes
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Crossing Over
Crossing Over
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Study Notes
- The average cell cycle span for a mammalian cell is approximately 24 hours.
Cytokinesis
- Cytokinesis is the division of the cytoplasm at the end of the cell cycle.
- It results in two separate daughter cells.
- Cytokinesis begins during the late stages of the mitotic phase.
Karyokinesis
- Karyokinesis is the division of the cell’s nucleus during mitosis or meiosis.
- It separates the genetic material into two sets for each daughter cell.
Interphase Stages
- Interphase is the phase where the cell prepares for division.
- It is divided into three stages: G1, S, and G2.
G1 Phase (Gap 1)
- The cell is metabolically active and grows in size.
- Proteins are synthesized for DNA replication.
S Phase (Synthesis)
- DNA replication occurs, doubling the DNA content of the cell.
- The chromosome number remains the same, but each chromosome consists of two chromatids.
G2 Phase (Gap 2)
- The cell continues to grow and synthesizes proteins needed for mitosis.
- Ensures DNA replication accuracy before cell division begins.
G0 Phase (Quiescent Phase)
- G0 phase is a resting phase where cells are no longer dividing.
- Cells exit the G1 phase and enter a dormant state.
- Cells in G0 can remain inactive indefinitely or re-enter the cell cycle when needed.
Mitosis as Equational Division
- Mitosis is called equational division because it results in two genetically identical daughter cells.
- The daughter cells have the same number of chromosomes as the parent cell.
- The chromosome number does not change, and each daughter cell receives an equal and identical set of chromosomes.
Cell Cycle Events
- Chromosomes are moved to the spindle equator during Metaphase.
- Centromere splits and chromatids separate during Anaphase.
- Pairing between homologous chromosomes takes place in the Zygotene stage of Prophase I in meiosis.
- Crossing over between homologous chromosomes takes place during the Pachytene stage of Prophase I in meiosis.
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