66 Questions
Which of the following is true about the cell cycle in eukaryotic cells?
The cell cycle consists of interphase and mitotic phase.
During which phase of the cell cycle does DNA replication occur?
Interphase
What are the control mechanisms that determine if a cell can progress to the next phase of the cell cycle called?
Cell cycle checkpoints
During which phase of the cell cycle does DNA replication occur?
S phase
What is the main function of the G2 phase?
To prepare the cell for mitosis
Which checkpoint is mainly regulated by the tumor protein p53?
G2 checkpoint
What is the process by which a eukaryotic cell separates its chromosomes into two identical sets?
Mitosis
Which phase of the cell cycle is responsible for the division of the cell's cytoplasm forming two daughter cells?
M phase
During which phase of the cell cycle does DNA synthesis occur?
S phase
Which phase of the cell cycle is known as the growth phase?
G1 phase
What happens to cells in the G0 phase?
Cells in G0 phase have stopped dividing
During which phase of the cell cycle does mitosis occur?
M phase
What is the result of mitosis?
Two genetically identical daughter cells
What is the purpose of cytokinesis in mitosis?
To divide the cytoplasm and cell membrane
During which phase of the cell cycle does DNA replication occur?
S phase
What are the two principal processes for repairing DNA double-strand breaks during interphase?
Non-homologous end joining (NHEJ) and homologous recombinational repair (HRR)
Which phase of interphase is responsible for preparing the cell for mitotic division?
G2 phase
What is the function of interphase in the cell cycle?
To prepare the cell for mitotic division
Which type of cells divide by a process called binary fission?
Prokaryotic cells
What is the term for the shape change that most animal cells undergo at the start of mitosis?
Cell rounding
Which cells are NOT produced by mitotic cell division?
Sperm and egg cells
Who coined the term 'mitosis' and what does it mean?
Walther Flemming, meaning 'equational division'
Which phase of the cell cycle is responsible for the division of the cell's cytoplasm forming two daughter cells?
Cytokinesis
What is the result of mitosis?
Formation of genetically identical cells
During which phase of the cell cycle does DNA replication occur?
Interphase
Which phase of the cell cycle is responsible for tightly condensing chromosomes and initiating mitotic spindle formation?
Prophase
What is the term for the process where the genetic material in the nucleus of a cell condenses into discrete chromosomes?
Chromatin condensation
Which process occurs during the S phase of interphase?
DNA replication
What is the purpose of the preprophase band in plant cells?
To mark the position where the cell will divide
Which process is responsible for cell division in prokaryotic cells?
Binary fission
What is the term for the shape change that most animal cells undergo at the start of mitosis?
Mitotic cell rounding
Which cells are produced by meiosis instead of mitotic cell division?
Sperm and egg cells
Who coined the term 'mitosis' and what does it mean?
Walther Flemming, meaning 'equational division'
During which phase of the cell cycle does mitosis occur?
M phase
What is the term for the process where the genetic material in the nucleus of a cell condenses into discrete chromosomes?
Condensation
Which phase of mitosis is responsible for tightly condensing chromosomes and initiating mitotic spindle formation?
Prophase
During which phase of the cell cycle does mitosis occur?
M phase
What is the purpose of cytokinesis in mitosis?
To divide the cytoplasm
Which type of cells divide by a process called binary fission?
Prokaryotic cells
What is the term for the shape change that most animal cells undergo at the start of mitosis?
Cell rounding
During which phase of the cell cycle does gene transcription cease?
G2
What is the purpose of the checkpoints in the cell cycle?
To ensure the cell proceeds from one phase to another
Which process is more accurate than non-homologous end joining (NHEJ) in repairing double-strand breaks during interphase?
Homologous recombinational repair (HRR)
What is the main function of interphase in the cell cycle?
To prepare the cell for mitotic division
Which phase of the cell cycle is known as equational division?
M phase
What are the stages of mitosis in the correct order?
Prophase, metaphase, anaphase, telophase
What is the result of mitosis?
Two genetically identical daughter nuclei
Which phase of the cell cycle is responsible for tightly condensing chromosomes and initiating mitotic spindle formation?
Prophase
What is the purpose of cytokinesis in mitosis?
To divide the cytoplasm
During which phase of the cell cycle does DNA replication occur?
S phase
What is the term for the process where the genetic material in the nucleus of a cell condenses into discrete chromosomes?
Prophase
During which phase of the cell cycle does mitosis occur?
Interphase
What is the purpose of cytokinesis in mitosis?
To divide the cytoplasm
Which type of cells divide by a process called binary fission?
Prokaryotic cells
Who coined the term 'mitosis' and what does it mean?
Walther Flemming, meaning 'warp thread'
During which phase of the cell cycle does cytokinesis occur?
Telophase
What is the main difference between plant cytokinesis and animal cytokinesis?
Plant cytokinesis involves the formation of a cell plate, while animal cytokinesis involves the formation of a cleavage furrow.
What is the purpose of cytokinesis in cell division?
To divide the cell into two daughter cells.
Which type of cell has a circular chromosome?
Bacterial cell
When does duplication of prokaryotic DNA take place?
During the actual separation of chromosomes
What is the purpose of the central spindle in animal cell cytokinesis?
All of the above
What is the second step of animal cell cytokinesis?
Division plane specification
Which protein is a key regulator of contractile ring formation and contraction in animal cells?
Myosin II
What is the key component of the actin-myosin contractile ring?
Myosin II
Which protein binds to actin, myosin, RhoA, and CYK-4, and links the equatorial cortex with the signals from the central spindle?
Anillin
What protein has been speculated to serve as a structural scaffold on which the cytokinesis apparatus is organized?
Septin
Test your knowledge of the cell cycle and cell division with this quiz! Learn about DNA replication, organelle duplication, and the steps involved in cell division. Challenge yourself with questions on chromosomes, cytoplasm partitioning, and more.
Make Your Own Quizzes and Flashcards
Convert your notes into interactive study material.
Get started for free
