Cell Cycle and Division Overview

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Questions and Answers

Which phase of the cell cycle is characterized by DNA replication?

  • S phase (correct)
  • M phase
  • G1 phase
  • G2 phase

What is the primary difference between somatic cells and gametes?

  • Somatic cells are formed during fertilization, while gametes are formed during cleavage.
  • Somatic cells undergo meiosis, while gametes undergo mitosis.
  • Somatic cells are always non-dividing, while gametes are always dividing.
  • Somatic cells are diploid, while gametes are haploid. (correct)

In which phase of meiosis do homologous chromosomes undergo crossing over?

  • Prophase I (correct)
  • Metaphase II
  • Anaphase I
  • Telophase II

Which structure is responsible for pulling chromatids apart during mitosis?

<p>Spindle fibers (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What occurs during cytokinesis in plant cells?

<p>Formation of a cell plate (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Mitosis

The shortest phase of the cell cycle, during which the cell divides its nucleus into two daughter nuclei.

Interphase

The phase of the cell cycle in which the cell grows and copies its DNA.

Cytokinesis

The process by which the cytoplasm of a cell divides to form two daughter cells, following mitosis.

Homologous chromosomes

Pairs of chromosomes that carry genes for the same traits, one from each parent.

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Meiosis

The process by which a cell divides to produce four haploid daughter cells, or gametes, each with half the number of chromosomes as the parent cell.

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Study Notes

Cell Cycle and Cell Division

  • The shortest phase of the cell cycle is interphase.
  • Cell division involves both mitosis and cytokinesis.
  • The cell cycle includes interphase.
  • Interphase is further divided into the G0, G1, and S, and G2 phases.
  • The G0 phase is a non-dividing state, like nerve cells
  • G1 phase is cell growth.
  • The S phase is DNA replication
  • The G2 phase is the final preparation before mitosis.

Mitosis

  • Mitosis comprises distinct phases with specific tasks:
  • A series of events that result in the division of one cell into two genetically identical daughter cells.

Meiosis

  • Meiosis is a specialized type of cell division that produces gametes.
  • It involves two rounds of division.
  • The phases of meiosis, including major events, are crucial to the process
  • Meiosis I and Meiosis II lead to four genetically unique daughter cells

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