Cell Cycle and Division
59 Questions
0 Views

Choose a study mode

Play Quiz
Study Flashcards
Spaced Repetition
Chat to Lesson

Podcast

Play an AI-generated podcast conversation about this lesson

Questions and Answers

What is the number of chromosomes in a human cell?

  • 46 (correct)
  • 48
  • 23
  • 50

What is the term for the division of the cytoplasm during cell division?

  • Cytokinesis (correct)
  • Karyokinesis
  • Meiosis
  • Mitosis

During which phase of the cell cycle does the cell prepare for division?

  • G1 phase
  • S phase
  • G2 phase (correct)
  • Mitosis

What is the term for the area where sister chromatids are connected?

<p>Centromere (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happens to cells at the edge of an injury?

<p>They begin to divide rapidly (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of cell cycle regulators?

<p>To act as traffic signals during the cell cycle (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happens to the rate of cell division during the healing process?

<p>It slows down (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the G1 checkpoint?

<p>To regulate cell division (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happens to cells that do not receive the 'go' signal at the G1 checkpoint?

<p>They exit the cell cycle and enter the G0 phase (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of the G2 checkpoint?

<p>To repair DNA damages before entering mitosis (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happens if a cell fails to pass the mitosis checkpoint?

<p>The cell will continue to divide uncontrollably (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main difference between cancer cells and normal cells?

<p>Cancer cells do not respond to cell cycle regulation signals (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main advantage of meiosis over asexual reproduction?

<p>Meiosis produces genetically diverse offspring (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a characteristic of asexual reproduction?

<p>All offspring are exactly alike (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How many cells are produced by an adult human body daily?

<p>Two trillion (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of mitosis in unicellular plants and animals?

<p>Production of new offspring by asexual reproduction (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is mitosis important in multicellular organisms?

<p>To maintain tissue growth and repair (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of cells do not undergo cell division?

<p>Muscle cells and nerve cells (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happens when cells come into contact with other cells?

<p>They stop growing (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the anticodon on a tRNA molecule?

<p>To bind to the mRNA codon during translation (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What would happen if the reading of the mRNA codon starts at the wrong place?

<p>A polypeptide chain with the incorrect sequence would be formed (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the relationship between a tRNA molecule and a particular amino acid?

<p>Each tRNA molecule is specific for a particular amino acid (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the codon sequence on an mRNA molecule?

<p>To specify the sequence of amino acids in a protein (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of a tRNA molecule during protein synthesis?

<p>To deliver amino acids to the ribosome during translation (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the sequence of the mRNA codons corresponding to the DNA sequence TAC TTA CAA ACC ATA ATT?

<p>AUG AAU GUU UGG UAU UAA (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the tRNA anticodon?

<p>To recognize and bind to a specific mRNA codon during translation (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of the molecules that make up the ribosome?

<p>Ribosomal RNA (rRNA) (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Where are the large and small ribosomal subunits constructed and exported from?

<p>Nucleolus and exported to the cytoplasm (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the process of creating a protein from a sequence of mRNA codons?

<p>Translation (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How many nitrogen bases are read together in the genetic code?

<p>Three (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the start codon AUG in protein synthesis?

<p>It specifies the amino acid methionine (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How many possible codons are there in the genetic code?

<p>64 (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of stop codons in protein synthesis?

<p>They do not code for any amino acid (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the process of synthesizing proteins from mRNA instructions?

<p>Translation (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the process by which DNA directs the synthesis of proteins?

<p>Gene expression (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for a sequence of three nucleotides that specifies an amino acid?

<p>Codon sequence (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of linking many amino acids together?

<p>A protein is made (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of a start codon?

<p>It indicates where the protein-building instructions begin (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How many different amino acids are there?

<p>20 (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of transcription in the context of gene expression?

<p>To copy one gene from the DNA molecule into a complementary RNA molecule (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the type of RNA molecule that is synthesized during transcription?

<p>Messenger RNA (mRNA) (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of the promoter in the transcription process?

<p>To bind RNA polymerase and initiate transcription (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the base pairing rule for adenine during transcription?

<p>Adenine pairs with uracil (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the terminator in the transcription process?

<p>To mark the end of the gene and terminate transcription (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of RNA polymerase during transcription?

<p>To transcribe a single gene from the DNA template (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happens to introns during RNA processing and editing?

<p>They are cut out and removed from the RNA (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the mRNA transcript?

<p>To serve as instructions for protein synthesis at the ribosome (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the difference between exons and introns?

<p>Exons are involved in protein synthesis, while introns are not (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of transcription?

<p>A single-stranded RNA molecule (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the cap and tail added to the RNA molecule?

<p>To help the ribosome identify the start and end of the instructions (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why are introns present in genes?

<p>To allow a single gene to code for more than one type of protein (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What determines the type of protein that is made?

<p>The order in which the amino acids are joined (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the 'language' of mRNA instructions called?

<p>The genetic code (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happens to introns during RNA processing and editing?

<p>They are cut out and removed (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the start codon in protein synthesis?

<p>It marks the beginning of mRNA translation (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of tRNA in protein synthesis?

<p>To carry amino acids to the ribosome (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the relationship between mRNA and tRNA?

<p>tRNA reads the message carried by mRNA (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of ribosomal RNA (rRNA)?

<p>To bind mRNA and tRNA to the ribosome (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the sequence of nucleotides that dictates the sequence of amino acids in protein synthesis?

<p>Codons on mRNA (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

More Like This

Biology Cell Division and Cycle
30 questions
Biology Cell Cycle and Division
37 questions

Biology Cell Cycle and Division

SuperiorInequality1696 avatar
SuperiorInequality1696
Use Quizgecko on...
Browser
Browser