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Questions and Answers
What is the primary purpose of the cell cycle?
What is the primary purpose of the cell cycle?
- To eliminate old cells without replacement
- To grow, develop, and produce new cells (correct)
- To duplicate a cell's organelles only
- To ensure cells remain the same size
Most cells spend the majority of their life in the mitotic phase.
Most cells spend the majority of their life in the mitotic phase.
False (B)
What are the two main stages of the cell cycle?
What are the two main stages of the cell cycle?
Interphase and mitotic phase
The cell cycle consists of interphase and the ______ phase.
The cell cycle consists of interphase and the ______ phase.
During which phase does a cell prepare for division?
During which phase does a cell prepare for division?
DNA is in the form of chromatin during interphase.
DNA is in the form of chromatin during interphase.
What happens during mitosis?
What happens during mitosis?
Most human cells complete the cell cycle in approximately ______ hours.
Most human cells complete the cell cycle in approximately ______ hours.
Match the following phases with their corresponding actions:
Match the following phases with their corresponding actions:
What is created at the end of cytokinesis?
What is created at the end of cytokinesis?
What is the primary function during the G1 phase of interphase?
What is the primary function during the G1 phase of interphase?
The S phase is responsible for the division of the cytoplasm.
The S phase is responsible for the division of the cytoplasm.
What structure holds sister chromatids together?
What structure holds sister chromatids together?
During __________, the nuclear membrane forms around the chromatin and two nuclei start to form.
During __________, the nuclear membrane forms around the chromatin and two nuclei start to form.
Match the stages of mitosis with their descriptions:
Match the stages of mitosis with their descriptions:
Which phase directly follows the S phase?
Which phase directly follows the S phase?
Cytokinesis is part of the mitotic phase.
Cytokinesis is part of the mitotic phase.
What shape do sister chromatids take once they are joined and condensed?
What shape do sister chromatids take once they are joined and condensed?
The mitotic phase includes __________, which consists of four stages.
The mitotic phase includes __________, which consists of four stages.
What occurs during the Anaphase stage of mitosis?
What occurs during the Anaphase stage of mitosis?
Which phase of mitosis involves the formation of the spindle fibers?
Which phase of mitosis involves the formation of the spindle fibers?
Cytokinesis is the phase where the nucleus divides, resulting in two daughter cells.
Cytokinesis is the phase where the nucleus divides, resulting in two daughter cells.
What happens during Anaphase?
What happens during Anaphase?
During ___________, the chromosomes align along the equator of the cell.
During ___________, the chromosomes align along the equator of the cell.
What is produced as a result of cytokinesis?
What is produced as a result of cytokinesis?
Telophase is known as the reverse of prophase.
Telophase is known as the reverse of prophase.
List one result of cell division in multicellular organisms.
List one result of cell division in multicellular organisms.
The __________ phase is the shortest in mitosis.
The __________ phase is the shortest in mitosis.
Match the following phases of mitosis with their descriptions:
Match the following phases of mitosis with their descriptions:
Which statement is true regarding nerve cells?
Which statement is true regarding nerve cells?
Flashcards
Interphase
Interphase
The period of a cell's life when it grows, develops, and prepares for division.
Mitotic Phase
Mitotic Phase
The process of a cell dividing into two new identical cells.
DNA Replication
DNA Replication
The process of copying DNA, the cell's genetic information.
Organelles
Organelles
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Chromatin
Chromatin
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Mitosis
Mitosis
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Cytokinesis
Cytokinesis
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Cell Division
Cell Division
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Cell Cycle Duration
Cell Cycle Duration
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Interphase (Longest Stage)
Interphase (Longest Stage)
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G1 phase
G1 phase
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S phase
S phase
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G2 phase
G2 phase
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Prophase
Prophase
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Metaphase
Metaphase
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Anaphase
Anaphase
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Telophase
Telophase
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Daughter cells
Daughter cells
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Furrow
Furrow
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Growth
Growth
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Study Notes
Cell Cycle and Cell Division
- Cells in organisms undergo a cycle of growth, development, and division. This cycle replaces old and damaged cells, producing new cells.
- The cell cycle has two main stages: interphase and the mitotic phase.
- Interphase is the period of growth and development, and it accounts for most of the cell cycle.
- Interphase has three stages.
- Rapid growth and replication of organelles (membrane-bound structures).
- Copying of the cell's DNA.
- Preparation for cell division.
- Interphase has three stages.
- The mitotic phase involves cell division forming two new nuclei with the same number of chromosomes.
- It is a shorter phase compared to interphase.
- Two stages occur in mitosis:
- Mitosis: division of the nucleus
- Cytokinesis: division of the cytoplasm
- The mitotic phase results in two identical daughter cells.
- Interphase typically lasts for 24 hours in many human cells.
- DNA exists in a long, thin strand form called chromatin during interphase.
- Cell division processes and their phases are described below.
Mitosis
-
Prophase: The nucleolus and nuclear membrane disappear, and chromosomes condense into rod-like structures.
- Spindles, protein structures, form in the cytoplasm.
-
Metaphase: Chromosomes line up along the equator (middle) of the cell.
- The spindle fibers push and pull the duplicated chromosomes to the middle.
-
Anaphase: Sister chromatids separate and move to opposite sides of the cell.
- The spindle fibers pull them to opposite sides.
-
Telophase: Nuclear membranes form around each set of chromosomes.
- Spindle fibers disappear.
- The chromosomes begin to uncoil..
Cytokinesis
- The cytoplasm divides.
- This process creates two identical daughter cells that result from mitosis and cytokinesis. A crease called a furrow forms in the middle of the cell, pinching the cell in two. In plant cells, a cell plate forms instead of a furrow.
###Â Results of Cell Division
- Reproduction: Some unicellular organisms reproduce using cell division.
- Growth: Multicellular organisms grow, developing from one cell to many.
- Replacement: Cells that have worn out or are damaged are replaced with healthy cells.
- Repair: Damaged cells (like bone or cuts) can repair through cell division.
Cell Cycle and Cell Division—Key Differences
- Interphase: Growth and development; longest phase
- Mitosis: Division of the nucleus (prophase, metaphase, anaphase, telophase)
- Cytokinesis: Division of the cytoplasm, resulting in two identical daughter cells.
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