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What is the primary function of the nucleus in a cell?
What is the primary function of the nucleus in a cell?
- To synthesize proteins and store genetic information (correct)
- To generate energy for the cell through photosynthesis
- To regulate cell growth and division
- To respond to external stimuli and modulate cell behavior
What is the term for a less condensed form of chromatin that is transcriptionally active?
What is the term for a less condensed form of chromatin that is transcriptionally active?
- Transcription factor complex
- Heterochromatin
- Chromatin remodeling complex
- Euchromatin (correct)
What is the typical size of the nucleus in human cells?
What is the typical size of the nucleus in human cells?
- Approximately 10 µm in diameter
- Approximately 6 µm in diameter (correct)
- Approximately 20 µm in diameter
- Approximately 1 µm in diameter
What is the significance of the nuclear-cytoplasmic (N:C) ratio?
What is the significance of the nuclear-cytoplasmic (N:C) ratio?
Where is the nucleus typically located in adipocytes and skeletal muscle cells?
Where is the nucleus typically located in adipocytes and skeletal muscle cells?
What is the shape of the nucleus in some cells?
What is the shape of the nucleus in some cells?
What percentage of the cell volume is typically occupied by the nucleus?
What percentage of the cell volume is typically occupied by the nucleus?
What is the name of the membrane that distinguishes the cytoplasm from the contents of the nucleus?
What is the name of the membrane that distinguishes the cytoplasm from the contents of the nucleus?
What is the shape of the nucleus in some cell types?
What is the shape of the nucleus in some cell types?
What is the term for the ratio of the size of the nucleus to the size of the cytoplasm of a cell?
What is the term for the ratio of the size of the nucleus to the size of the cytoplasm of a cell?
What is the function of the nucleus in relation to cell components?
What is the function of the nucleus in relation to cell components?
What is the significance of the nuclear-cytoplasmic ratio (N/C) in assessing cell malignancy?
What is the significance of the nuclear-cytoplasmic ratio (N/C) in assessing cell malignancy?
What is the number of nuclei in some cell types?
What is the number of nuclei in some cell types?
What is the position of the nucleus in epithelial cells?
What is the position of the nucleus in epithelial cells?
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Study Notes
The Nucleus
- Found only in eukaryotic cells, the nucleus is the most prominent organelle in the cell.
- Completely bound by a double membrane structure called the nuclear envelope, which separates the nucleus from the cytoplasm.
Nucleus Features
- Size: Typically occupies 10% of the cell volume, making it the largest organelle in animal cells, with a diameter of approximately 6 µm in human cells.
- Nuclear-Cytoplasmic Ratio (N/C): The ratio of the nucleus size to the cytoplasm size, used to assess cell malignancy.
- Shape: Can be spherical, oval, multilobed, or flattened.
- Number: Can be absent, one, two, or many.
- Position: Can be central, peripheral (in adipocytes and skeletal muscle cells), or basal (in epithelial cells).
Chromatin Structure
- Euchromatin: A less condensed, transcriptionally active form of chromatin, allowing DNA to be accessible for gene expression.
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