Cell Biology Quiz: Organelles and Functions

<p>In the nucleolus (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Toxic hydrogen peroxide (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Production of certain types of lipids including steroid hormones (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Adrenal gland cortex and cells of the testes (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Steroid hormones (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To synthesize proteins used inside the cell (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It is primarily responsible for protein synthesis. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Layers of thin flat vesicles known as saccules (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Smooth ER specializes in lipid production rather than protein synthesis. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They are delivered by protein-filled vesicles from the ER (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They modify proteins received from the ER (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They include certain hormones and digestive enzymes. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They synthesize proteins for export from the cell. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>As polysomes, consisting of multiple ribosomes arranged together. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They are synthesized by ribosomes attached to the ER. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They can aggregate to form polysomes. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They are only formed when ribosomes are attached to the ER. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It is the process of a cell digesting parts of itself using its lysosomes. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Peroxisomes contain oxidative enzymes specifically for detoxification. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The cell could not detoxify harmful substances and would accumulate waste. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They help neutralize potentially toxic byproducts of metabolism. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They direct the formation of the mitotic spindle. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Basal bodies that direct the formation of cilia and flagella. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Centrioles play a significant role in the organization of cilia and flagella. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The mitotic spindle. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They replicate and move to opposite poles of the cell. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The smooth endoplasmic reticulum (SER) is involved in the synthesis of lipids, including steroid hormones.

Steroid hormones are a class of hormones that are lipid-based and play crucial roles in various biological processes.

Steroid hormones are produced by the smooth ER in cells of the testes and adrenal gland cortex, which are both involved in hormone production.

Examples of steroid hormones include testosterone, estrogen, and cortisol.

The smooth ER is a specialized organelle that participates in various cellular functions, including lipid synthesis and detoxification.

Organelles that contain oxidative enzymes, responsible for breaking down harmful substances.

A toxic compound often produced as a byproduct of cellular processes.

Small, dense organelles responsible for protein synthesis.

The site within the nucleus where ribosomes are assembled.

The process of combining amino acids to build proteins.

Ribosomes attached to the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) create proteins that will be transported outside the cell.

Ribosomes that are free-floating in the cytoplasm often form chains called polysomes, which are used for making proteins that will stay inside the cell.

Proteins destined for export from the cell are synthesized by ribosomes attached to the endoplasmic reticulum (ER).

Multiple ribosomes linked together, forming a chain, are called polysomes. This structure allows efficient synthesis of multiple copies of the same protein.

Free ribosomes in the cytoplasm can assemble into larger structures called polysomes, enhancing protein production.

Ribosomes located in the cytoplasm produce proteins that will be used within the cell itself. These proteins include essential enzymes and hormones.

A network of flattened sacs called cisternae, near the nucleus, that receives protein-filled vesicles from the ER.

The Golgi apparatus modifies proteins by adding sugars or other molecules. This is the process of protein packaging and processing.

The Golgi apparatus packages and sorts modified proteins into vesicles, which then transport the proteins to their final destination within or outside the cell.

The Golgi apparatus plays a vital role in producing and secreting hormones. These hormones are then transported to target cells to regulate various bodily functions.

A type of enzyme found in peroxisomes that breaks down hydrogen peroxide into water and oxygen.

Specialized structures within cells that play a crucial role in cell division and the formation of cilia and flagella.

The process of breaking down harmful substances into less harmful ones, often carried out by peroxisomes.

A group of chemical reactions that occur in cells to break down molecules and release energy.

During cell division, centrioles form the mitotic spindle, a structure that separates chromosomes.

Centrioles give rise to basal bodies, which act as anchors for the formation of cilia and flagella.

Cilia are short, hair-like structures that help move fluids or particles across cell surfaces.

Flagella are long, whip-like structures that propel cells through a fluid medium.