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Questions and Answers
What are the main gases exchanged in the stomata during photosynthesis?
Which of the following substances is NOT considered a reactant in the photosynthesis equation?
What is the role of light in the process of photosynthesis?
Which of the following best describes the products of the photosynthesis equation?
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How many molecules of water are required as a reactant in photosynthesis?
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What is the primary function of chloroplasts in plant cells?
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Which structure is found only in plant cells and not in animal cells?
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What is the initial source of energy for photosynthesis?
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Which statement about animal cells is correct?
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What happens to glucose during cellular respiration?
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Which organelle is responsible for producing ATP in both plant and animal cells?
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How do autotrophs contribute to the energy flow in an ecosystem?
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Where does photosynthesis specifically occur within plant cells?
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What is produced as a byproduct of the light-dependent reactions in photosynthesis?
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Where in the chloroplast does the light-dependent reaction primarily take place?
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What component is necessary for the light-independent reactions of photosynthesis?
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Which of the following best describes the goal of photosynthesis?
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What roles do NADP and ADP play in photosynthesis?
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Which of the following is NOT involved in the light-dependent reactions?
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How does chlorophyll contribute to the process of photosynthesis?
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What is the significance of the stomata in the leaves of plants during photosynthesis?
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Study Notes
Organelle Differences
- Plant cells have a cell wall made of cellulose and a cell membrane.
- Animal cells only have a cell membrane.
- Plant cells contain chloroplasts for photosynthesis and mitochondria for respiration.
- Animal cells only contain mitochondria for respiration.
Photosynthesis
- Photosynthesis is the process by which plants convert light energy from the sun into chemical energy stored in glucose.
- This process takes place in the chloroplast.
- Chloroplasts contain chlorophyll which absorbs sunlight energy.
- Photosynthesis occurs in the leaves and green stems of plants.
- Stomata are tiny openings in the leaves where gas exchange (CO2 and O2) occurs
Photosynthesis Equation
- The chemical equation for photosynthesis is: 6H2O + 6CO2 → C6H12O6 + 6O2
- This means that six molecules of water and six molecules of carbon dioxide react in the presence of light energy to produce one molecule of glucose and six molecules of oxygen gas.
The Two Stages of Photosynthesis
- Light Dependent reactions: require light energy to convert water into oxygen, ATP, and NADPH.
- Light Independent reactions (Calvin Cycle): do not require light energy directly, but use the ATP and NADPH produced in the light-dependent reactions to convert carbon dioxide into glucose.
Summary
- Chlorophyll reflects green wavelengths of light, making plants look green. Other colors are absorbed for energy.
- Carbon dioxide enters the plant through the stomata, tiny openings in the leaves.
- Water, carbon dioxide, and sunlight are combined in the leaves to produce sugar, the product of photosynthesis.
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Description
Explore the differences between plant and animal cells, focusing on cell structures, organelles involved in photosynthesis, and the chemical equation that represents this crucial process. This quiz will help you understand key concepts related to cellular biology and energy transformation in plants.
