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Questions and Answers
What is the primary function of nuclear pores?
What is the primary function of nuclear pores?
- Controlling the movement of substances between the nucleus and cytoplasm (correct)
- Producing ribosomes
- Maintaining the shape of the nucleus
- Separating the nucleus from the cytoplasm
Which part of the nucleus is responsible for ribosome production?
Which part of the nucleus is responsible for ribosome production?
- Chromatin
- Nucleolus (correct)
- Nuclear pores
- Nuclear envelope
What is the shape of the nucleus generally depicted as?
What is the shape of the nucleus generally depicted as?
- Hexagonal
- Cylindrical
- Rectangular
- Spherical or oval (correct)
What is the role of the nuclear envelope?
What is the role of the nuclear envelope?
Which of the following structures is NOT a part of the nucleus?
Which of the following structures is NOT a part of the nucleus?
What is the primary function of the Golgi Complex?
What is the primary function of the Golgi Complex?
How many cisternae does the Golgi Complex typically consist of?
How many cisternae does the Golgi Complex typically consist of?
What are the flattened, membranous sacs in the Golgi Complex called?
What are the flattened, membranous sacs in the Golgi Complex called?
Which types of vesicles transport proteins from the Golgi Complex?
Which types of vesicles transport proteins from the Golgi Complex?
Which statement accurately describes the Golgi Complex?
Which statement accurately describes the Golgi Complex?
What is the primary function of mitochondria?
What is the primary function of mitochondria?
Which cells are mitochondria most prevalent in?
Which cells are mitochondria most prevalent in?
When do mitochondria self-replicate?
When do mitochondria self-replicate?
From whom do you inherit your mitochondrial DNA?
From whom do you inherit your mitochondrial DNA?
What role do mitochondria play in the process of apoptosis?
What role do mitochondria play in the process of apoptosis?
What is the function of lysosomes?
What is the function of lysosomes?
Which organelle in the cell is characterized by having a low internal pH of 5?
Which organelle in the cell is characterized by having a low internal pH of 5?
What is the main role of peroxisomes?
What is the main role of peroxisomes?
Where are peroxisomes especially abundant?
Where are peroxisomes especially abundant?
Which cellular structure is involved in destroying unneeded, damaged, or faulty proteins?
Which cellular structure is involved in destroying unneeded, damaged, or faulty proteins?
How many flattened membranous sacs can the Golgi Complex consist of?
How many flattened membranous sacs can the Golgi Complex consist of?
What are the functions performed by the Golgi Complex?
What are the functions performed by the Golgi Complex?
What are the flattened membranous sacs in the Golgi Complex called?
What are the flattened membranous sacs in the Golgi Complex called?
How are proteins transported in the Golgi Complex?
How are proteins transported in the Golgi Complex?
Which organelle is responsible for modifying, sorting, and packaging proteins for transport?
Which organelle is responsible for modifying, sorting, and packaging proteins for transport?
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Study Notes
Nucleus
- Has a spherical or oval shape
- Separated from cytoplasm by a double membrane called nuclear envelope
- Nuclear envelope has numerous openings called nuclear pores that control movement of substances between nucleus and cytoplasm
- Contains a spherical body called nucleolus that produces ribosomes
Mitochondria
- Known as the "powerhouse" of the cell
- Generate ATP through aerobic respiration
- Prevalent in active cells such as muscles, liver, and kidneys
- Can self-replicate during times of increased cellular demand or before cell division
- Contain own DNA, inherited only from mother
- Play an important role in apoptosis
Golgi Complex
- Consists of 3-20 flattened membranous sacs called cisternae
- Modify, sort, and package proteins for transport to different destinations
- Proteins are transported by various vesicles, secretory membrane, and transport
Lysosomes
- Form from the Golgi complex
- Contain powerful digestive enzymes
- Have a low internal pH (5) due to H+-ATPase
Peroxisomes
- Smaller than lysosomes
- Detoxify several toxic substances
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