Cell Biology: Nuclear Pores and Microtubules
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Questions and Answers

What is the primary function of the nuclear pore complex?

  • To provide structural support to the nuclear membrane (correct)
  • To control the movement of RNA and proteins
  • To synthesize DNA
  • To produce energy for the cell

    • Which component is NOT part of the nuclear pore complex?

  • Basket filament
  • Protein synthesis site (correct)
  • Central plug
  • Cytoplasmic filament

    • How does the number of nuclear pores vary?

  • It is determined by the size of the nucleus
  • It varies depending on the activity of the cells (correct)
  • It is constant in all cells
  • It decreases with cell activity

    • What is one of the key structural features of the nuclear pore complex?

    <p>It includes a central plug</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What provides a bidirectional channel between the nucleus and cytoplasm?

    <p>Nuclear pore</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What structural form do microtubules take?

    <p>Hollow tubes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How many protofilaments are required to form a complete microtubule?

    <p>13</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of microscopy is used to visualize microtubules clearly?

    <p>Electron microscopy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the subunits that make up tubulin dimers in microtubules?

    <p>Alpha and beta</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of microtubules within the cytoskeleton?

    <p>Structural support</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the nuclear envelope?

    <p>Regulate the exchange of materials</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which structure within the nucleus is responsible for synthesizing ribosomal RNA?

    <p>Nucleolus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How is the outer membrane of the nuclear envelope characterized?

    <p>Studded with ribosomes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What distinguishes the inner membrane of the nuclear envelope?

    <p>It is attached to chromatin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of nuclear pores in the nuclear envelope?

    <p>To transport materials in and out of the nucleus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the nucleus in a cell?

    <p>To contain chromosomes and facilitate DNA replication</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which cell type is an example of a cell that does not contain a nucleus?

    <p>Red blood cells (RBCs)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does the appearance of the nucleus change depending on cell activity?

    <p>It shows reduced basophilia when inactive</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is meant by a 'vesicular nucleus'?

    <p>A nucleus that appears active and prominent</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which statement correctly describes the nucleus in terms of its basophilia?

    <p>The degree of basophilia signifies the level of cellular activity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the nucleolus?

    <p>Site for ribosomal RNA formation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the light areas of the nucleolus referred to as?

    <p>Pars amorpha</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a component of the nucleolus?

    <p>Chromatin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What forms the pars granulosa of the nucleolus?

    <p>RNA granules</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What role does the nuclear sap play in the nucleus?

    <p>It provides a medium for nucleic acids to move</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the fundamental unit of chromatin structure?

    <p>Nucleosome</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following dimensions best describes the '30-nm chromatin fiber'?

    <p>30 nm</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the nucleus?

    <p>Controlling all cell functions and activities</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of chromatin is known to appear as dense, basophilic clumps?

    <p>Heterochromatin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary functional note associated with euchromatin?

    <p>Transcription of genetic information</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What genetic material is housed within the nucleus?

    <p>Nucleic acids</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the diagram of chromatin structure, what is the characteristic of the entire mitotic chromosome?

    <p>Highly condensed</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which activity is NOT a function of the nucleus?

    <p>Cell metabolism</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What structure is included in the cytoplasm?

    <p>Cell organelles and inclusions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which part of the cytoplasm includes cell organelles?

    <p>Cytoplasmic matrix</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary composition of thick filaments in the cytoskeleton?

    <p>Myosin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of cytoskeletal filament can be found in the terminal web of the intestine?

    <p>Thin filaments</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a function of intermediate filaments?

    <p>Maintain the shape of cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What thickness range is associated with intermediate filaments?

    <p>10 to 12 µm</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What role do thin filaments play during cell migration?

    <p>Pseudopodia formation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the three forms of microtubules present in the cytoplasm?

    <p>Single tubule, doublet tubules, triplet tubules</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which function is NOT associated with microtubules?

    <p>Storing genetic information</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What structure is formed by the arrangement of doublet tubules?

    <p>Cilia and flagella</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What role do triplet tubules play in the cell?

    <p>Contributing to the structure of centrioles</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of microscopy shows detailed structures of microtubules like doublets and triplets?

    <p>Transmission electron microscopy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the diameter of microfilaments?

    <p>7 nm</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a function of microtubules?

    <p>Transport of organelles</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What compositional structure forms microtubules?

    <p>Tubulin dimers</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a key characteristic of intermediate filaments?

    <p>Structural support</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which microscopy technique is used to visualize these filaments?

    <p>Immunohistochemistry</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Nucleus

    • It is the largest membranous organelles in the cells.
    • The number and shape of nuclei are different.
    • All cells are nucleated except RBCs.
    • The function of nucleus
    • Contain chromosomes
    • Contain the machinery for DNA replication and RNA transcription.

    Appearance with LM

    • Appear as basophilic structure with H&E
    • The degree of basophilia depend on the activity of the cells
      • e.g., vesicular nucleus (active)
      • Condensed nucleus (inactive)

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    Test your knowledge on the nuclear pore complex and microtubules with this quiz. You'll explore their structural features, functions, and components essential for cellular activities. Perfect for students studying cell biology concepts!

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