Podcast
Questions and Answers
What is the simplest entity that possesses all the properties of life?
What is the simplest entity that possesses all the properties of life?
Eukaryotic cells lack a nucleus.
Eukaryotic cells lack a nucleus.
False
Which branch of biology studies hereditary and variation in organisms?
Which branch of biology studies hereditary and variation in organisms?
What elements make up 99.9% of the weight of typical living organisms?
What elements make up 99.9% of the weight of typical living organisms?
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All living things are composed of multiple cells.
All living things are composed of multiple cells.
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The ______ is a group of organs that perform the same function.
The ______ is a group of organs that perform the same function.
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Match the following types of cells with their definitions:
Match the following types of cells with their definitions:
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What is the smallest biological unit of life?
What is the smallest biological unit of life?
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Living things maintain _____ to keep their internal environment stable.
Living things maintain _____ to keep their internal environment stable.
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Which term describes the ability of living organisms to change over time?
Which term describes the ability of living organisms to change over time?
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Match the following levels of organization with their definitions:
Match the following levels of organization with their definitions:
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Motility refers to the ability of living organisms to respond to environmental changes.
Motility refers to the ability of living organisms to respond to environmental changes.
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What is the main function of genes?
What is the main function of genes?
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What is one of the properties of living things?
What is one of the properties of living things?
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Biology only studies the structure of organisms.
Biology only studies the structure of organisms.
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What does 'Cytology' refer to in biology?
What does 'Cytology' refer to in biology?
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Study Notes
Cell Biology Introduction
- Biology is the study of life and living organisms, including structure, function, growth, origin, evolution, distribution, and taxonomy.
- Biology examines the interrelationships of organisms, the flow of energy, and medical applications like organ transplantation and gene therapy to improve agricultural production.
- Biological science studies living organisms.
- Genetics studies hereditary and variation in organisms.
- Histology studies the structure and function of tissues and organs.
- Cell biology (cytology) studies the basic structure, function, and chemistry of cells.
- Cells are the smallest biological units, the fundamental structural and functional units of all living organisms (unicellular and multicellular).
What is a Living Thing?
- Living things are composed of one or more cells.
- Cells are surrounded by membranes. The membrane controls the passage of materials.
- Living things respond to their environment.
- Living things are composed of biological molecules.
- Living things reproduce (e.g., mitosis, creating offspring).
- Living things undergo metabolism (converting oxygen and nutrients to energy — ATP).
- Living things evolve and adapt to their environments.
- Living things maintain homeostasis (maintain a constant internal environment).
Levels of Organization in Life
- The chemical level (molecules)
- The cellular level
- The tissue level
- The organ level
- The organ system level
- The organism level (species)
- The population level (group of same species)
- The community level (multiple populations in an area)
- The ecosystem level (community plus non-living components)
- The biosphere level (all life on Earth)
Characteristics of Living Things
- Highly Ordered: Atoms, molecules, organelles, cells, tissues, organs, etc., are organized into complex systems. Starting smallest part of atom to the largest the organism.
- Metabolism: Living things obtain and use energy to maintain order in their systems.
- Motility: Living things can move.
Responsiveness
- Living things respond to their environment. (e.g., detecting changes in temperature, food, or water).
Reproduction
- Organisms create new organisms.
Development
- Changes from conception through sexual maturity, and onward.
Genes
- Genes are units of inheritance composed of DNA.
Evolution
- Living things change over time.
Adaptiveness
- Organisms adapt to their environments through genetic changes over time.
Units of Measurement in Cell & Molecular Biology
- Angstroms (Å), nanometers (nm), micrometers (µm), and millimeters (mm) are used to measure small biological structures.
Types of Cells
- Prokaryotes: Cells that lack a nucleus and a membrane-bound organelle (e.g., bacteria).
- Eukaryotes: Cells that contain a nucleus and other membrane-bound organelles (e.g., animals and plants).
Life Elements
- Typical living things are composed of C, H, N, O, P, & S.
- Atoms are the smallest units of elements.
- Atoms are made of protons, neutrons, and electrons.
- Molecules are formed by the bonding of atoms (two or more atoms joined together).
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Description
Explore the fundamentals of cell biology, where you'll learn about the structure, function, and chemistry of cells as well as the interrelationships of living organisms. Understand how genetics, histology, and other biological fields connect to the study of life. This quiz will deepen your knowledge of the smallest units of life and their significance.
