Cell Biology Fundamentals

The breakdown of glucose that doesn't directly need oxygen.

The location in eukaryotic cells where the Krebs cycle occurs.

To produce ATP, the energy currency of the cell.

Provides rigidity, strength, and protection to plant cells.

The organelle responsible for synthesizing proteins.

The net movement of water from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration.

Transport of molecules against their concentration gradient, requiring energy.

This organelle generates most of the cell's energy via cellular respiration.

It modifies, sorts, and packages proteins for secretion or use within the cell.

A rigid layer outside the cell membrane, providing support and protection to plant cells.

The net gain is two ATP molecules per glucose molecule.

The diffusion of water across a selectively permeable membrane.

Broken down to release energy during respiration, fuelling ATP production.

These are not a primary component. Cell membranes mainly consist of phospholipids, proteins and carbohydrates.

Organelles responsible for breaking down waste materials and cellular debris via enzymes.

An outer layer that provides rigid support and structure.

A process where water moves across a semipermeable membrane from an area of high concentration to low concentration thus balancing the levels.

The process by which living cells produce ATP, using oxygen and glucose.

They help with cell division in animal cells.

Creating exact copies of molecules. Occurs inside the cell but does not involve transporting molecules across a cell membrane.