Cell Biology: Dr. Dipa Sarkar

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Questions and Answers

What is one of the key statements made by the cell theory?

  • Cells always function as autonomous units
  • The cell is the smallest unit of life (correct)
  • Living structures are composed of discrete cells
  • Fungi may have filamentous structures called hyphae

Which of the following challenges the idea that cells always function as autonomous units?

  • Some fungi have filamentous structures
  • All living things are composed of cells
  • Unicellular algae may grow to large sizes
  • Muscle cells fuse to form fibres with multiple nuclei (correct)

What characteristic of fungal hyphae challenges the idea of living structures being composed of discrete cells?

  • Fungi having filamentous structures
  • Cells arising only from pre-existing cells
  • Unicellular algae growing to large sizes
  • Fungi being aseptate with continuous cytoplasm (correct)

Which type of algae may grow to very large sizes and present an exception to typical cell sizes?

<p>Unicellular algae (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In cell biology, what process involves nuclear division to produce two daughter cells?

<p><strong>Mitosis</strong> (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which statement best summarizes a fundamental concept of cell theory?

<p><strong>Cells arise only from pre-existing cells</strong> (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main difference between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells?

<p>Presence of membrane-bound organelles (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which evolutionary process is believed to have led to the development of eukaryotic cells?

<p>Endosymbiosis (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a distinctive feature of eukaryotic cells compared to prokaryotic cells?

<p>Larger ribosomes (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which statement best describes the main function of organelles in a cell?

<p>Performing specific roles within the cell (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is meant by compartmentalization in eukaryotic cells?

<p>Separation of different cellular functions into specialized areas (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which mnemonic can help remember differences between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells?

<p>DORA (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What cellular component in prokaryotic cells is responsible for polypeptide synthesis?

<p>Ribosomes (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which structure in prokaryotic cells is used for protection against desiccation and phagocytosis?

<p>Cell wall (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How do prokaryotes typically divide?

<p>Binary fission (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of attachment pili in prokaryotic cells?

<p>Adherence to surfaces (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the cytoplasm in prokaryotic cells?

<p>Internal fluid component of the cell (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which cellular component maintains the shape of prokaryotic cells and prevents bursting?

<p>Cell wall (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Cell Theory Key Statement

The cell is the smallest unit of life.

Challenge to Autonomous Cells

Muscle cells fuse forming fibers with multiple nuclei.

Challenge from Fungal Hyphae

Fungi are aseptate with continuous cytoplasm.

Algae Size Exception

Unicellular algae

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Mitosis

Nuclear division to produce two daughter cells.

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Cell Theory's Core

Cells arise only from pre-existing cells.

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Eukaryotic vs Prokaryotic

Presence of membrane-bound organelles.

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Eukaryotic Cell Development

Endosymbiosis

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Eukaryotic Cell Feature

Larger ribosomes

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Organelle Main Function

Performing specific roles within the cell.

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Compartmentalization

Separation of different cellular functions into specialized areas.

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Mnemonic for Eukaryotic vs Prokaryotic

Divide, Organelles, Ribosomes, Always unicellular

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Prokaryotic Polypeptide Synthesis

Ribosomes

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Prokaryotic Cell Protection

Cell wall

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Prokaryotic Division

Binary fission

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Attachment Pili Function

Adherence to surfaces

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Prokaryotic Cytoplasm

Internal fluid component of the cell.

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Cell Shape and Burst Prevention

Cell wall

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