Cell Biology: DNA, Genes, and Chromosomes

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What is the primary function of the TRP operon?

Regulation of gene expression

Metabolism of lactose

Production of tryptophan (correct)

Transport of glucose

What is the result of high glucose levels on the lac operon?

It has no effect on the lac operon

It turns on the lac operon

It increases the expression of the lac operon

It turns off the lac operon (correct)

What is the term for a set of structural genes controlled by one sensor site?

Gene-battery (correct)

Integrator gene

Operon

Receptor site

What is the name of the operon required for the transport and metabolism of lactose in E. coli?

LAC operon (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the type of control system depicted in Fig. 86?

Positive transcriptional control (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the regulation of gene expression at the level of transcription?

Transcriptional control (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of transposons?

To move around to different positions in the genome (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is a possible consequence of a transposon inserting itself into a functional gene?

Gene damage (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is a potential problem presented by the presence of a string of identical repeated sequences during meiosis?

Imprecise pairing (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is an example of chromosomal damage that can be caused by transposons?

Double-stranded breaks (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of transposons in mutation?

Causing mutations (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of N-terminal myristoylation in protein localization?

To act as a conformational localization switch (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of S-palmitoylation in protein localization?

To permanently anchor the protein to the membrane (D) Signup and view all the answers

What percentage of the entire DNA in a human cell is made up of genes that contain the information codes for making proteins?

1% (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of S-prenylation in protein localization?

To covalently add a farnesyl or geranylgeranyl group to specific cysteine residues (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of genes in DNA?

To provide instructions for specific proteins (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of protein cleavage in protein modification?

To play a central role in the modification of protein activity, structure and localization (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the segments of DNA that do not code for proteins?

Non-coding DNA (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the structure formed in metaphase chromosomes?

A highly compacted structure (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of processing the inactive proinsulin to the active insulin?

The removal of the C-peptide (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of proteases in protein modification?

To cleave the peptide bonds of proteins (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the physical appearance of a set of chromosomes?

Karyotype (D) Signup and view all the answers

Where is DNA found in a cell, apart from the nucleus?

Mitochondria (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of unequal crossover in pairing?

Duplication (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary cause of Inborn Errors in Metabolism?

Defects in specific proteins (enzymes) (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of the disorder characterized by the accumulation of substrate behind a block in a metabolic pathway?

Inborn Error in Metabolism (B) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a type of Inborn Error in Metabolism?

Muscular Dystrophy (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of the disease characterized by the accumulation of certain compounds that give urine a maple syrup-like odor?

Maple Syrup Urine Disease (B) Signup and view all the answers

How many types of Inborn Errors in Metabolism are mentioned in the text?

6 (D) Signup and view all the answers