Medical Biology 3 Altklauseren ähnlich

What is the primary role of receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs) in cell signaling?

Which process involves cells secreting signaling molecules that bind to their own cell surface or neighboring cells of the same type?

G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) are involved in:

Ligand-gated ion channels open in response to:

What is the function of adenylyl cyclase in signal transduction?

Which process allows a cell to respond to an extracellular signal?

What happens during the termination phase of a signaling pathway?

Which term describes the process by which a cell converts one kind of signal or stimulus into another?

What is the main function of protein phosphatases in cell signaling?

Which molecule often acts as an intracellular second messenger in calcium signaling pathways?

What is the role of a ligand in cell signaling?

Which type of cell junction is directly involved in cell-to-cell communication?

What is cross-talk in cell signaling?

What is the function of a G protein in cell signaling pathways?

In signal transduction, what does a 'cascade' effect refer to?

What is the primary function of the basal body in ciliated cells?

Intracellular transport in axons is facilitated by:

Which cytoskeletal components are involved in maintaining the shape and structure of the nucleus?

What is the primary function of the mitotic spindle in cell division?

How do microtubules contribute to vesicle transport within a cell?

The formation of the nuclear envelope during cell division is facilitated by:

What is the function of a kinase in signal transduction?

Hormones are examples of:

The process by which a signal on a cell's surface is converted to a specific cellular response is known as:

Which type of cell signaling involves the release of chemical signals that affect distant cells?

Nitric oxide (NO) is an example of a:

The specificity of a signaling pathway is determined by:

Which molecule is often used as a second messenger in G protein-coupled receptor pathways?

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Which part of the cell is directly involved in the reception of signal molecules?

What is the role of phosphatases in cell signaling?

Which process involves the amplification of the signal from a receptor?

Which cytoskeletal component is primarily involved in the formation of cell extensions like filopodia?

What is the role of kinesin in neuronal cells?

How do plant cells differ from animal cells in terms of cytoskeletal components?

The process of 'dynamic instability' is associated with which cytoskeletal element?

Vinculin and talin are proteins that:

Which protein is primarily responsible for the movement of organelles and vesicles along microtubules in nerve cells?

What is the role of tubulin in the cytoskeleton?

Pseudopodia, used by some cells for movement, are primarily composed of:

What is the main function of the sarcoplasmic reticulum in muscle cells?

Which cytoskeletal component primarily consists of podosomes and invadopodia, involved in cell adhesion and movement?

What is the main function of microvilli in epithelial cells?

How do motor proteins like kinesin and dynein contribute to cell motility?

Which structure is commonly found at the leading edge of a moving cell?

In neurons, the rapid transport of neurotransmitters down the axon is facilitated by:

What role do centrioles play in the cell?

What is the main function of stress fibers, composed of actin filaments?

How does the cytoskeleton contribute to cell signaling?

Which component of the cytoskeleton is primarily responsible for the contraction of muscle cells?

What drives the crawling movement of cells such as amoebas?

What is the function of the extracellular matrix in relation to the cytoskeleton?

What happens during receptor internalization in cell signaling?

Which signaling molecule can cross the plasma membrane and bind to intracellular receptors?

What is the primary role of a neurotransmitter in cell signaling?

How does a signal amplification cascade benefit a cell?

What is the primary function of the cytoskeleton in a cell?

Which cytoskeletal component is primarily responsible for maintaining the cell's shape?

Microfilaments are mainly composed of:

Which motor protein typically interacts with microtubules?

What type of cell communication is characteristic of nerve cells?

What role do adaptor proteins play in cell signaling pathways?

What is a major difference between G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) and receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs)?

Which molecule often acts as a second messenger in calcium signaling pathways?

In a typical cell signaling pathway, the molecule that directly interacts with and activates the receptor is known as the:

What is the primary role of a phospholipase in signal transduction?

Which type of enzyme adds a phosphate group to another molecule, often a protein?

What is the main function of a scaffold protein in cell signaling?

In signal transduction pathways, what is the consequence of a protein being phosphorylated?

What second messenger is derived from ATP and used in G protein-coupled receptor pathways?

What is a primary function of cell surface receptors?

What is the primary function of the mitotic spindle in cell division?

Intracellular transport in axons is facilitated by:

Which cytoskeletal components are involved in maintaining the shape and structure of the nucleus?

How do microtubules contribute to vesicle transport within a cell?

What protein is crucial for the contraction of the cleavage furrow during animal cell cytokinesis?

What is the primary function of the basal body in ciliated cells?

Filopodia, important in cell movement and sensing the environment, mainly consist of:

Which protein is crucial for the contraction of the cleavage furrow during animal cell cytokinesis?

What is the primary function of the mitotic spindle in cell division?

Which cytoskeletal components are involved in maintaining the shape and structure of the nucleus?

What is the primary function of the basal body in ciliated cells?