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Questions and Answers
What contributes to the positive charge of histones?
What contributes to the positive charge of histones?
- Both lysine and arginine (correct)
- Lysine
- Arginine
- Phenylalanine
How many base pairs does one nucleosome typically consist of?
How many base pairs does one nucleosome typically consist of?
- 3000 bp
- 200 bp (correct)
- 34 bp
- 6.6 bp
What is the relationship between the net charge of a nucleosome and the charges of its components?
What is the relationship between the net charge of a nucleosome and the charges of its components?
- The net charge is negative due to histones.
- The net charge is positive due to DNA's charge.
- The net charge is zero due to all components being neutral.
- The net charge is zero due to balanced charges of DNA and histones. (correct)
Which statement about heterochromatin is correct?
Which statement about heterochromatin is correct?
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Which option correctly states the status of both assertion and reason regarding histone charge?
Which option correctly states the status of both assertion and reason regarding histone charge?
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Study Notes
Histone Charges
- Histones are proteins associated with DNA in chromatin, contributing to the structural organization of genetic material.
- The positive charge on histones primarily arises from the presence of amino acids, specifically arginine and lysine, due to their basic side chains.
Nucleosome Structure
- A nucleosome consists of approximately 200 base pairs (bp) of DNA wrapped around a core of histone proteins.
- This structure forms the fundamental unit of chromatin, playing a crucial role in packaging DNA within the nucleus.
Assertion & Reason Concepts
- An assertion regarding nucleosome charge states that the net charge is neutral—this is true due to oppositely charged components: histones (positively charged) and DNA (negatively charged).
- There is a distinction between the attributes of heterochromatin and euchromatin, where heterochromatin is conventionally considered transcriptionally inactive due to its tightly packed state.
Heterochromatin vs. Euchromatin
- Heterochromatin is characterized by dense packing, resulting in reduced transcriptional activity compared to euchromatin, which is loosely packed and transcriptionally active.
- Misconceptions exist regarding the transcriptional state of heterochromatin, as it is not active despite some being loosely packed under certain conditions.
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