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Questions and Answers
What is the main function of the mitochondria in a cell?
Which type of cell lacks a true nucleus?
What is the process of converting energy and nutrients into the components that make up living organisms?
What is the function of the Golgi apparatus in a cell?
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What is the function of lysosomes in a cell?
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What is the function of the nucleus in a cell?
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Study Notes
Cell Structure
- Plasma Membrane: Thin, semi-permeable membrane that surrounds the cell and regulates the movement of substances in and out.
- Cytoplasm: Gel-like substance inside the cell where metabolic processes take place.
- Nucleus: Control center of the cell where DNA is stored.
- Mitochondria: Organelles responsible for generating energy for the cell through cellular respiration.
- Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER): Network of membranous tubules and cisternae involved in protein synthesis, folding, and transport.
- Ribosomes: Small organelles found throughout the cytoplasm, responsible for protein synthesis.
- Lysosomes: Membrane-bound sacs containing digestive enzymes that break down and recycle cellular waste and foreign substances.
- Golgi Apparatus: Complex of flattened sacs and tubules that modify, package, and transport proteins and lipids.
Cell Functions
- Metabolism: The process of converting energy and nutrients into the components that make up living organisms.
- Growth and Development: The process of cell growth, division, and differentiation to form specialized cells and tissues.
- Response to Stimuli: The ability of cells to respond to changes in their environment, such as light, temperature, and touch.
- Reproduction: The process of cell division, either through mitosis or meiosis, to produce new cells.
Cell Types
- Prokaryotic Cells: Lack a true nucleus and are typically small, simple cells (e.g., bacteria).
- Eukaryotic Cells: Have a true nucleus and are typically larger, more complex cells (e.g., plants, animals, fungi).
Cell Division
- Mitosis: The process of cell division that results in two daughter cells with the same number of chromosomes as the parent cell.
- Meiosis: The process of cell division that results in four daughter cells with half the number of chromosomes as the parent cell, occurring in reproductive cells.
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Description
Test your knowledge of cell structure, functions, and division processes, including plasma membrane, cytoplasm, nucleus, and more.
