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Questions and Answers
What is the main function of the mitochondria in a cell?
What is the main function of the mitochondria in a cell?
Which type of cell lacks a true nucleus?
Which type of cell lacks a true nucleus?
What is the process of converting energy and nutrients into the components that make up living organisms?
What is the process of converting energy and nutrients into the components that make up living organisms?
What is the function of the Golgi apparatus in a cell?
What is the function of the Golgi apparatus in a cell?
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What is the function of lysosomes in a cell?
What is the function of lysosomes in a cell?
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What is the function of the nucleus in a cell?
What is the function of the nucleus in a cell?
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Study Notes
Cell Structure
- Plasma Membrane: Thin, semi-permeable membrane that surrounds the cell and regulates the movement of substances in and out.
- Cytoplasm: Gel-like substance inside the cell where metabolic processes take place.
- Nucleus: Control center of the cell where DNA is stored.
- Mitochondria: Organelles responsible for generating energy for the cell through cellular respiration.
- Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER): Network of membranous tubules and cisternae involved in protein synthesis, folding, and transport.
- Ribosomes: Small organelles found throughout the cytoplasm, responsible for protein synthesis.
- Lysosomes: Membrane-bound sacs containing digestive enzymes that break down and recycle cellular waste and foreign substances.
- Golgi Apparatus: Complex of flattened sacs and tubules that modify, package, and transport proteins and lipids.
Cell Functions
- Metabolism: The process of converting energy and nutrients into the components that make up living organisms.
- Growth and Development: The process of cell growth, division, and differentiation to form specialized cells and tissues.
- Response to Stimuli: The ability of cells to respond to changes in their environment, such as light, temperature, and touch.
- Reproduction: The process of cell division, either through mitosis or meiosis, to produce new cells.
Cell Types
- Prokaryotic Cells: Lack a true nucleus and are typically small, simple cells (e.g., bacteria).
- Eukaryotic Cells: Have a true nucleus and are typically larger, more complex cells (e.g., plants, animals, fungi).
Cell Division
- Mitosis: The process of cell division that results in two daughter cells with the same number of chromosomes as the parent cell.
- Meiosis: The process of cell division that results in four daughter cells with half the number of chromosomes as the parent cell, occurring in reproductive cells.
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Description
Test your knowledge of cell structure, functions, and division processes, including plasma membrane, cytoplasm, nucleus, and more.
