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Questions and Answers
What is the primary function of the Golgi complex?
What is the primary function of the Golgi complex?
- Digesting proteins and carbohydrates efficiently.
- Modifying proteins post-translationally and glycosylating lipids. (correct)
- Trapping light and converting it to chemical energy.
- Transferring energy within the cell.
The osmotic expansion of a cell when placed in water is primarily regulated by which organelle?
The osmotic expansion of a cell when placed in water is primarily regulated by which organelle?
- Ribosomes
- Mitochondria
- Vacuoles (correct)
- Plastids
Which of the following structures is NOT bound by a membrane?
Which of the following structures is NOT bound by a membrane?
- Lysosomes
- Vacuoles
- Ribosomes (correct)
- Mesosomes
In prokaryotic cells, which structure performs a function similar to that of mitochondria in eukaryotic cells?
In prokaryotic cells, which structure performs a function similar to that of mitochondria in eukaryotic cells?
What cytoskeletal element, composed of a single type of monomer, has a diameter of 6 nm?
What cytoskeletal element, composed of a single type of monomer, has a diameter of 6 nm?
Select the correct pairing of an organelle with its function:
- Rough endoplasmic reticulum: protein synthesis
- Rough endoplasmic reticulum: formation of glycoproteins
- Golgi apparatus: protein synthesis
- Golgi apparatus: formation of glycolipids
Select the correct pairing of an organelle with its function:
- Rough endoplasmic reticulum: protein synthesis
- Rough endoplasmic reticulum: formation of glycoproteins
- Golgi apparatus: protein synthesis
- Golgi apparatus: formation of glycolipids
Motile bacteria are able to move using which of the following structures?
Motile bacteria are able to move using which of the following structures?
Which of the following is NOT a typical constituent of microtubules?
Which of the following is NOT a typical constituent of microtubules?
Given the processes: Synthesis of glycogen, Oxidation of fatty acids, Oxidation of phospholipids, and Synthesis of lipids, which of these processes occur in the Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum?
Given the processes: Synthesis of glycogen, Oxidation of fatty acids, Oxidation of phospholipids, and Synthesis of lipids, which of these processes occur in the Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum?
Which of the following is true about mitochondria and chloroplasts?
Which of the following is true about mitochondria and chloroplasts?
Flashcards
Golgi complex main role?
Golgi complex main role?
Post-translational modification of proteins and glycosidation of lipids happens in the Golgi Complex.
Mitochondria-like structure in bacteria?
Mitochondria-like structure in bacteria?
Mesosomes perform the function of mitochondria in bacteria.
What regulates osmotic expansion?
What regulates osmotic expansion?
The osmotic expansion of a cell in water is chiefly regulated by Vacuoles.
How do motile bacteria move?
How do motile bacteria move?
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Which isn't membrane-bound?
Which isn't membrane-bound?
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What is the nuclear envelope derived from?
What is the nuclear envelope derived from?
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Chromatophores part in what?
Chromatophores part in what?
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Golgi's role?
Golgi's role?
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Sieve tube state?
Sieve tube state?
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mRNA & multiple ribosomes?
mRNA & multiple ribosomes?
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Study Notes
- Golgi complex mainly functions in post-translational protein modification and lipid glycosylation.
- The smooth endoplasmic reticulum (SER) is the primary site for lipid synthesis.
- Mesosomes function as mitochondria in bacteria.
- Osmotic expansion in cells kept in water is mainly because of vacuoles.
- Solid linear cytoskeleton elements with a 6 nm diameter, made of a single monomer type, are microfilaments.
- Motile bacteria move through flagella.
- Ribosomes are not membrane-bound.
- The nuclear envelope is absent in prokaryotic cells.
- Fimbriae enable some bacteria to attach to rocks or host tissues.
- Chromatophores are involved in photosynthesis.
- Balbiani rings are the site of RNA and protein synthesis.
- Cellular organelles with membranes include lysosomes, mitochondria, and the Golgi apparatus.
- Stacking of organized flattened membranous sacs in chloroplasts forms grana.
- Smooth ER is responsible for lipid synthesis.
- Chromosomes with centromeres near one end are acrocentric.
- Cyanophycean granules are not inclusion bodies found in prokaryotes.
- Both mitochondria and chloroplasts are semi-autonomous organelles formed by division of pre-existing organelles, contain DNA, and lack protein synthesizing machinery
- Spindle fibers attach to the kinetochore of chromosomes.
- Microtubules are components of cilia, flagella, and centrioles.
- Protists are eukaryotes.
- Cyanobacteria lack flagellated cells.
- Lysosomes contain hydrolytic enzymes.
- A complex of ribosomes attached to a single mRNA strand is a polyribosome.
- The reserved material in prokaryotic cells is stored in inclusion bodies.
- Ribosomes are the same in eukaryotic cytoplasm, mitochondria, and endoplasmic reticulum.
- For packaging secretory proteins, the pathway is RER → Cis face of Golgi body → Trans face of Golgi body → Secretory vesicles.
- Glycocalyx provides a sticky character to the bacterial cell.
- Mitochondria are responsible for extracting energy from carbohydrates to form ATP.
- Polyribosomes are strings of ribosomes associated with a single mRNA molecule for simultaneous polypeptide synthesis.
- Phospholipid synthesis does not occur in the rough endoplasmic reticulum.
- The Golgi complex participates in the formation of secretory vesicles.
- Ribosomal RNA synthesis occurs at the nucleolus.
- Pleuropneumonia-like organisms (PPLO) are 0.1 μm in size.
- Smooth endoplasmic reticulum functions in lipid synthesis.
- Rough endoplasmic reticulum functions in protein synthesis.
- Golgi complex functions in glycosylation.
- Contractile vacuoles are not present in inclusion bodies of blue-green, purple, and green photosynthetic bacteria.
- Blue-green, purple and green photosynthetic bacteria include gas vacuoles.
- Glycoproteins and glycolipids are formed in Golgi bodies.
- Cristae are infoldings in mitochondria.
- Thylakoids are flattened membranous sacs (cisternae) in the stroma of plastids.
- Centromeres are the primary constriction in chromosomes.
- Cisternae are Disc-shaped sacs in Golgi apparatus.
- Mature sieve tube elements lack a conspicuous nucleus and usual cytoplasmic organelles.
- Cytoskeleton is involved in motility of the cell.
- Axoneme relates to cilia and flagella.
- The inner membrane of mitochondria is relatively less permeable compared to chloroplasts.
- Centromere is positioned close to the end of the chromosome forming one extremely short and one very long arm.
- Nucleolus is the site of active ribosomal RNA synthesis.
- Leucoplast stores nutrients.
- Cisternae are flattened membranous sacs or disc-shaped sacs near the cell nucleus.
- Centromeres are in the middle, forming two equal arms of the chromosome.
- Statement-l: Concentrically arranged cisternae of Golgi complex are arranged near the nucleus with distinct convex cis or maturing and concave trans or forming face.
- Statement-II: A number of proteins are modified in the cisternae of Golgi complex before they are released from cis face.
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