Cell Banking and Cell Line Establishment Quiz
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Questions and Answers

Which of the following is NOT a type of biological product manufactured through biomanufacturing?

  • Vaccines
  • Antibiotics (correct)
  • Hormones
  • Enzymes
  • What is the first step in Research and Development for manufacturing a therapeutic protein?

  • Identifying the gene of interest
  • Identifying the protein that interacts with the drug target
  • Identifying the drug target (correct)
  • Creating a cell line
  • What is the purpose of creating a cell line in the process of biomanufacturing?

  • To produce the therapeutic protein (correct)
  • To develop a vaccine
  • To interact with the drug target
  • To identify the gene of interest
  • Which of the following is NOT one of the sections in the Biomanufacturing class?

    <p>Downstream Bioprocessing</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are biological products made from living cells called?

    <p>Biologic product</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of cell is used to manufacture insulin?

    <p>Prokaryotic cell</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of cell is used to manufacture Humira?

    <p>Eukaryotic cell</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of using an antibiotic-resistant gene in the plasmid?

    <p>To kill off the bacteria that do not contain the plasmid</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How are plasmids transferred into bacterial cells?

    <p>Through heat shock</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why are liposomes used to transfer plasmids into mammalian cells?

    <p>Mammalian cells are more sensitive to environmental changes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    During upstream bioprocessing, what is the goal of growing production cells in increasingly larger bioreactors?

    <p>To maximize the number of cells producing the maximum amount of product</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the production cells in the bioreactor?

    <p>To produce most products</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens when the bioreactor operates at maximum capacity?

    <p>The maximum number of cells are producing the maximum amount of product</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of upstream bioprocessing?

    <p>To grow production cells in increasingly larger bioreactors</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the result of the steps taken in upstream bioprocessing?

    <p>The maximum number of cells are producing the maximum amount of product</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of cell is used to manufacture small, simple biologics?

    <p>Prokaryotic cell</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the reproduction time difference between bacterial cells and mammalian cells?

    <p>Bacterial cells divide every 20 to 30 minutes, while mammalian cells divide once a day on average.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why are mammalian cells more difficult to work with compared to bacterial cells?

    <p>Mammalian cells are more sensitive to changes in the cell culture environment.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of cell line must be used to create therapeutic monoclonal antibodies?

    <p>Eukaryotic cell line</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which mammalian cell line is currently the most common in biomanufacturing?

    <p>Chines Hamster Ovary (CHO) cell line</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a goal of upstream bioprocessing?

    <p>Optimizing media composition</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a bioreactor used for in upstream bioprocessing?

    <p>Growing organisms under controlled conditions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of scale-up in upstream bioprocessing?

    <p>To obtain optimum cell growth and protein production</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of bioreactors in upstream bioprocessing?

    <p>Growing cell cultures in large volumes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is the purpose of cell banking?

    <p>To store cells for future use in the production of biologic drugs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is it important to go back to the original cell line?

    <p>Cells grow and change with time, so the original cell line must be accessed for consistency</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the difference between a master cell bank and a working cell bank?

    <p>Master cell banks are used for long-term storage, while working cell banks are used for starting manufacturing campaigns</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is upstream bioprocessing?

    <p>The process of growing biological materials under controlled conditions to manufacture certain types of products</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a step in Research and Development for manufacturing a therapeutic protein?

    <p>Creating a cell line that will produce the protein</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of a cell line in the process of biomanufacturing?

    <p>To produce the therapeutic protein</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a type of biological product manufactured through biomanufacturing?

    <p>Antibiotics</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are biological products made from living cells called?

    <p>Biologics</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of cell banking in biomanufacturing?

    <p>To store cell lines</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of cells are used in upstream bioprocessing?

    <p>Mammalian cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of downstream bioprocessing?

    <p>To produce the maximum amount of product</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the goal of upstream bioprocessing?

    <p>To grow production cells in increasingly larger bioreactors</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the maximum capacity of the bioreactor?

    <p>The maximum number of cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What occurs during the first half of a campaign?

    <p>Upstream bioprocessing</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a consideration when designing growth media for upstream bioprocessing?

    <p>concentration of carbohydrates</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of a bioreactor in upstream bioprocessing?

    <p>To optimize cell density and viability</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of scale-up in upstream bioprocessing?

    <p>To produce large volumes of protein-producing cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a requirement for growth media in upstream bioprocessing?

    <p>Containing chemicals, viruses, and bacteria</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of optimizing cell density and viability in upstream bioprocessing?

    <p>To obtain consistent product</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following methods is used to transfer a plasmid into bacterial cells?

    <p>Heat shock and electroporation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the antibiotic-resistant gene in the plasmid?

    <p>To kill off bacteria that do not contain the plasmid</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why are mammalian cells more difficult to work with compared to bacterial cells?

    <p>They are more sensitive to environmental changes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the difference between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells?

    <p>Prokaryotic cells do not have a nucleus, while eukaryotic cells do</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of cell lines in biomanufacturing?

    <p>To produce a particular product, such as therapeutic proteins</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a reason why cell banking is necessary in biomanufacturing?

    <p>To ensure the same therapeutic protein is made each time</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of creating a master cell bank in biomanufacturing?

    <p>To create a few hundred vials of cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of creating a working cell bank in biomanufacturing?

    <p>To create a few million cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is it important to access the original cell line in biomanufacturing?

    <p>To ensure the same therapeutic protein is made each time</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is upstream bioprocessing in biomanufacturing?

    <p>The process of growing biological materials under controlled conditions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of cell is commonly used in biomanufacturing to produce monoclonal antibodies?

    <p>CHO cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main difference between bacterial cells and mammalian cells in terms of growth and division?

    <p>Bacterial cells divide every 20 to 30 minutes, while mammalian cells divide once a day on average.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why are mammalian cells more sensitive to changes in the cell culture environment compared to bacterial cells?

    <p>Mammalian cells have a more complex structure than bacterial cells.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why are mammalian cells used to create large, complex proteins that require post-translational modifications?

    <p>Mammalian cells can perform post-therapeutic modifications.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of adding an essential nutrient gene to the plasmid used in mammalian cell biomanufacturing?

    <p>To ensure only cells that produce the nutrient can survive.</p> Signup and view all the answers

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