Cell Anatomy and Membrane Functions Quiz
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Questions and Answers

Which three parts can the cell be subdivided into?

  • Plasma Membrane, Cytoplasm, Nucleus (correct)
  • Plasma Membrane, Lysosomes, Endoplasmic Reticulum
  • Plasma Membrane, Nucleus, Mitochondria
  • Plasma Membrane, Ribosomes, Golgi Apparatus

    • Which property does not accurately fit the cell membrane?

  • Contains embedded proteins
  • Selectively permeable
  • Contains cytoplasm
  • Rigid (correct)

    • What are the functions of the cell membrane?

  • Regulates cell growth, synthesizes proteins, controls cell division
  • Transports oxygen, removes waste, protects the cell
  • Contains organelles, maintains structure, helps keep intracellular space and extracellular space separate (correct)
  • Stores genetic information, produces energy, detoxifies harmful substances

    • How do small non-polar molecules pass through a cell membrane?

    <p>Diffusion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do small polar molecules pass through the cell membrane?

    <p>Facilitated diffusion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do macromolecules pass through a cell membrane?

    <p>Vesicles</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What two things make up an electrochemical gradient?

    <p>Concentration gradient and electrical gradient</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is diffusion?

    <p>Movement of substances from high to low concentration</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is active transport?

    <p>Movement of substances from low to high concentration</p> Signup and view all the answers

    If a cell swells, describe the tonicity of the cell.

    <p>Hypotonicity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a function of the cytoskeleton structural proteins?

    <p>Providing energy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is the correct order of the 2 steps in gene expression?

    <p>Transcription, Translation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of rRNA?

    <p>Makes ribosomes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of tRNA?

    <p>Carries specific amino acids</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the process of transcription?

    <p>Breaking of DNA to serve as a template to be read</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the process of translation?

    <p>Reading of DNA to make proteins</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the correct definition of cell division?

    <p>Process by which cells reproduce themselves</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the correct definition of somatic cell division?

    <p>A nuclear division of a body cell to produce two identical cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the correct definition of cytokinesis?

    <p>Cytoplasmic division</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the correct definition of reproductive cell division?

    <p>When 2 gametes join to combine their genetic material</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which part of the cell consists of all the cellular contents between the plasma membrane and the nucleus?

    <p>Cytoplasm</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the cytoskeleton?

    <p>Characteristics shape and specific function</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which organelle is responsible for housing DNA in the cell?

    <p>Nucleus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the subdivisions of the cytoplasm?

    <p>Cystol, Organelles, Cytoskeleton</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are chromosomes?

    <p>Single molecule of DNA</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the plasma membrane made of?

    <p>Phospholipids 75%, Cholesterol 20%, Glycolipids 5%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a special characteristic of the plasma membrane?

    <p>Both water loving and hating parts</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the functions of the plasma membrane?

    <p>Acts as a barrier, controls flow of substances, helps identify the cell, participates in intercellular signaling</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the two types of membrane proteins?

    <p>Integral proteins and peripheral proteins</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the functions of the membrane proteins?

    <p>Transport substances across the membrane, serve as receptors, and participate in cell adhesion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a function of the cell membrane?

    <p>Enzyme</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What effect does cholesterol have on membrane fluidity?

    <p>Cholesterol decreases membrane fluidity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main difference between simple diffusion and facilitated diffusion?

    <p>Simple diffusion is limited to small, nonpolar molecules, while facilitated diffusion can transport polar or highly charged molecules</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the process of endocytosis?

    <p>Binding, vesicle formation, uncoating, fusion, recycling</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the two main phagocyte cells and where are they found?

    <p>Neutrophils and macrophages, found in the blood</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the centrosome?

    <p>Cell division</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the smooth endoplasmic reticulum?

    <p>Synthesis of fatty acids and steroids</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the Golgi complex?

    <p>Sorting and packaging of molecules for transport</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of lysosomes?

    <p>Digestion of particles in endocytosis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of mitochondria?

    <p>Powerhouse of the cell</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following best describes the function of a receptor in the cell membrane?

    <p>Recognizes specific particles for their functions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What effect does cholesterol have on membrane fluidity?

    <p>Stabilizes the membrane and reduces fluidity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main difference between simple diffusion and facilitated diffusion?

    <p>Simple diffusion requires the assistance of integral proteins, while facilitated diffusion does not</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the process of endocytosis?

    <p>Uptake of substances into the cell</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the functions of the Golgi complex?

    <p>Sorting and packaging of molecules for transport</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of lysosomes?

    <p>Digestion of particles in endocytosis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the centrosome?

    <p>Cell division</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of mitochondria?

    <p>Power generation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the smooth endoplasmic reticulum?

    <p>Synthesis of fatty acids and steroids</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the process of translation?

    <p>Protein synthesis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a subdivision of the cytoplasm?

    <p>Cytoskeleton</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main function of lysosomes?

    <p>To break down waste materials</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a function of the Golgi complex?

    <p>To synthesize lipids</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a function of the plasma membrane?

    <p>Identifying the cell to other cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the two main types of membrane proteins?

    <p>Integral proteins and peripheral proteins</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the cytoskeleton?

    <p>To provide structural support and facilitate cell movement</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of mitochondria?

    <p>To produce energy through cellular respiration</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main difference between simple diffusion and facilitated diffusion?

    <p>Simple diffusion requires a transport protein, while facilitated diffusion does not</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the subdivisions of the cytoplasm?

    <p>Cystol, organelles</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the plasma membrane made of?

    <p>Phospholipids, cholesterol, glycolipids</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is the correct definition of hypertrophy?

    <p>Increase in size of cells without cell division</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the Golgi complex?

    <p>Modifying, sorting, and packaging proteins</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the process of endocytosis?

    <p>Taking in materials from the external environment into the cell</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of lysosomes?

    <p>Breaking down cellular waste</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the correct definition of anaplasia?

    <p>Loss of tissue differentiation and function that is characteristic of most malignancies</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the correct definition of atrophy?

    <p>Decrease in cell size, shrinking of tissue/organ</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the correct definition of dysplasia?

    <p>Alteration in size, shape, and organization of cell due to chronic irritation or inflammation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the correct definition of metaplasia?

    <p>Transformation of one type of cell into another</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the correct definition of cytokinesis?

    <p>Cytoplasmic division into even and equal portions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the process of translation?

    <p>Reading of DNA to make proteins</p> Signup and view all the answers

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