70 Questions
Which three parts can the cell be subdivided into?
Plasma Membrane, Cytoplasm, Nucleus
Which property does not accurately fit the cell membrane?
Rigid
What are the functions of the cell membrane?
Contains organelles, maintains structure, helps keep intracellular space and extracellular space separate
How do small non-polar molecules pass through a cell membrane?
Diffusion
How do small polar molecules pass through the cell membrane?
Facilitated diffusion
How do macromolecules pass through a cell membrane?
Vesicles
What two things make up an electrochemical gradient?
Concentration gradient and electrical gradient
What is diffusion?
Movement of substances from high to low concentration
What is active transport?
Movement of substances from low to high concentration
If a cell swells, describe the tonicity of the cell.
Hypotonicity
Which of the following is NOT a function of the cytoskeleton structural proteins?
Providing energy
Which of the following is the correct order of the 2 steps in gene expression?
Transcription, Translation
What is the function of rRNA?
Makes ribosomes
What is the function of tRNA?
Carries specific amino acids
What is the process of transcription?
Breaking of DNA to serve as a template to be read
What is the process of translation?
Reading of DNA to make proteins
What is the correct definition of cell division?
Process by which cells reproduce themselves
What is the correct definition of somatic cell division?
A nuclear division of a body cell to produce two identical cells
What is the correct definition of cytokinesis?
Cytoplasmic division
What is the correct definition of reproductive cell division?
When 2 gametes join to combine their genetic material
Which part of the cell consists of all the cellular contents between the plasma membrane and the nucleus?
Cytoplasm
What is the function of the cytoskeleton?
Characteristics shape and specific function
Which organelle is responsible for housing DNA in the cell?
Nucleus
What are the subdivisions of the cytoplasm?
Cystol, Organelles, Cytoskeleton
What are chromosomes?
Single molecule of DNA
What is the plasma membrane made of?
Phospholipids 75%, Cholesterol 20%, Glycolipids 5%
What is a special characteristic of the plasma membrane?
Both water loving and hating parts
What are the functions of the plasma membrane?
Acts as a barrier, controls flow of substances, helps identify the cell, participates in intercellular signaling
What are the two types of membrane proteins?
Integral proteins and peripheral proteins
What are the functions of the membrane proteins?
Transport substances across the membrane, serve as receptors, and participate in cell adhesion
Which of the following is NOT a function of the cell membrane?
Enzyme
What effect does cholesterol have on membrane fluidity?
Cholesterol decreases membrane fluidity
What is the main difference between simple diffusion and facilitated diffusion?
Simple diffusion is limited to small, nonpolar molecules, while facilitated diffusion can transport polar or highly charged molecules
What is the process of endocytosis?
Binding, vesicle formation, uncoating, fusion, recycling
What are the two main phagocyte cells and where are they found?
Neutrophils and macrophages, found in the blood
What is the function of the centrosome?
Cell division
What is the function of the smooth endoplasmic reticulum?
Synthesis of fatty acids and steroids
What is the function of the Golgi complex?
Sorting and packaging of molecules for transport
What is the function of lysosomes?
Digestion of particles in endocytosis
What is the function of mitochondria?
Powerhouse of the cell
Which of the following best describes the function of a receptor in the cell membrane?
Recognizes specific particles for their functions
What effect does cholesterol have on membrane fluidity?
Stabilizes the membrane and reduces fluidity
What is the main difference between simple diffusion and facilitated diffusion?
Simple diffusion requires the assistance of integral proteins, while facilitated diffusion does not
What is the process of endocytosis?
Uptake of substances into the cell
What are the functions of the Golgi complex?
Sorting and packaging of molecules for transport
What is the function of lysosomes?
Digestion of particles in endocytosis
What is the function of the centrosome?
Cell division
What is the function of mitochondria?
Power generation
What is the function of the smooth endoplasmic reticulum?
Synthesis of fatty acids and steroids
What is the process of translation?
Protein synthesis
Which of the following is NOT a subdivision of the cytoplasm?
Cytoskeleton
What is the main function of lysosomes?
To break down waste materials
Which of the following is NOT a function of the Golgi complex?
To synthesize lipids
Which of the following is NOT a function of the plasma membrane?
Identifying the cell to other cells
What are the two main types of membrane proteins?
Integral proteins and peripheral proteins
What is the function of the cytoskeleton?
To provide structural support and facilitate cell movement
What is the function of mitochondria?
To produce energy through cellular respiration
What is the main difference between simple diffusion and facilitated diffusion?
Simple diffusion requires a transport protein, while facilitated diffusion does not
What are the subdivisions of the cytoplasm?
Cystol, organelles
What is the plasma membrane made of?
Phospholipids, cholesterol, glycolipids
Which of the following is the correct definition of hypertrophy?
Increase in size of cells without cell division
What is the function of the Golgi complex?
Modifying, sorting, and packaging proteins
What is the process of endocytosis?
Taking in materials from the external environment into the cell
What is the function of lysosomes?
Breaking down cellular waste
What is the correct definition of anaplasia?
Loss of tissue differentiation and function that is characteristic of most malignancies
What is the correct definition of atrophy?
Decrease in cell size, shrinking of tissue/organ
What is the correct definition of dysplasia?
Alteration in size, shape, and organization of cell due to chronic irritation or inflammation
What is the correct definition of metaplasia?
Transformation of one type of cell into another
What is the correct definition of cytokinesis?
Cytoplasmic division into even and equal portions
What is the process of translation?
Reading of DNA to make proteins
Test your knowledge on cell anatomy and the functions of the cell membrane with this quiz! Identify the three parts of a cell and determine the property that does not accurately fit the cell membrane. Explore the important functions of the cell membrane in maintaining cell structure and regulating the movement of substances in and out of the cell.
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