Cell Adhesion and Signalling Quiz

Integrins adopt an extended conformation that exposes binding sites for cytoskeleton attachment.

Outside-In signaling refers to the process where ligand binding activates integrins, leading to an extended conformation.

Inside-Out signaling activates talin, which alters the conformation of integrins to increase their affinity for ligands.

<p>Talin binds to cytoplasmic tails of integrins, pushing subunits apart to promote an extended conformation.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The interaction is critical for maintaining cell shape, motility, and anchoring cells to the extracellular matrix.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Cadherins mediate Ca2+ dependent homophilic adhesion between cells, linking their extracellular domains.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Focal adhesions are specialized structures where integrins link the cytoskeleton to the extracellular matrix.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Catenins link classical cadherins to the actin cytoskeleton, enabling adhesion and signaling functions.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Chemokine receptor activation leads to the production of PIP2, which activates talin and enhances integrin affinity for ligands.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Gap junctions facilitate the transfer of small molecules such as ions and signaling molecules between adjacent cells.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Integrin pairs consist of alpha and beta subunits that determine the specificity of binding to different extracellular ligands.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Immunoglobulin superfamily members mediate Ca2+ independent adhesion and can function in both homophilic and heterophilic interactions.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Integrins facilitate cell-matrix adhesion, promoting stability within tissues and enabling cellular responses to the environment.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Vinculin and F-actin are involved in linking the integrin complexes to the cytoskeleton, reinforcing the adhesion.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Selectins enable transient interactions that allow leukocytes to roll along blood vessels and eventually migrate to tissues.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Tight junctions seal adjacent epithelial cells, preventing the passage of substances and maintaining the integrity of the tissue barrier.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Adhesion molecules facilitate the connection between pre- and post-synaptic membranes, anchoring neuronal signaling machinery.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Transmembrane proteoglycans link to actin filaments and serve as non-junctional adhesion molecules in cells.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>L-selectin allows circulating T cells to bind to vascular endothelium in lymph nodes, aiding their migration.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Weak interactions allow neutrophils to roll along endothelial surfaces, slowing them down for eventual migration into tissues.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The extracellular matrix provides structural support and helps in cell adhesion, enabling tissue formation in multicellular organisms.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Stable adhesions maintain structural integrity in tissues, while transient adhesions facilitate dynamic processes like cell migration and immune responses.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Tight junctions seal gaps between epithelial cells to confer impermeability and prevent leakage of substances.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Adherens junctions connect cells via cadherins to the actin cytoskeleton, while gap junctions allow passage of small molecules and ions between cells.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Integrins link cells to the ECM, usually interacting with the actin cytoskeleton to provide mechanical stability.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Cadherins provide strong cell-cell adhesion by linking with the actin cytoskeleton in adherens junctions or intermediate filaments in desmosomes.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Selectins mediate transient cell-cell interactions, particularly in immune responses by linking immune cells to endothelial cells.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Gap junctions allow direct communication between cells by permitting the passage of ions and small signaling molecules.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>CAMs, such as NCAM and ICAM, participate in signaling at junctions, influencing cell behavior and responses in processes like immune responses.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Cell adhesion is essential for tissue formation, structural integrity, signaling, and the overall functionality of organs and systems.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>E-selectin is upregulated on vascular endothelial cells to facilitate neutrophil extravasation during inflammation.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>P-selectins increase in cell surface expression on platelets to promote platelet aggregation during hemostasis.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Syndecans are proteoglycan adhesion molecules that mediate cell adhesion to the extracellular matrix and bind growth factors.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Hemidesmosomes are anchoring junctions that connect extracellular laminin in the basement membrane to keratins within epithelial cells.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Integrins are adhesion molecules that mediate the adhesion of cells to the extracellular matrix and link the cytoskeleton to it.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Inflammation triggers the upregulation of selectins such as E-selectin and P-selectin in response to inflammatory mediators.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Integrins mediate adhesion of cells to the extracellular matrix and link intracellular cytoskeleton to the ECM.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Syndecans are expressed on various cell types, including fibroblasts and epithelial cells.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The upregulation of E-selectin is regulated by inflammatory mediators such as TNFα and CXCL8.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The integrin α6β4 linker proteins, plectin and dystonin, are significant for anchoring hemidesmosomes to the intermediate filaments in epithelial cells.</p> Signup and view all the answers