Celiac Disease: Genetics, Triggers, and Gallbladder Function

What is the primary trigger for celiac disease (CD) in genetically predisposed individuals?

Which genetic factors are most relevant in predisposing individuals to celiac disease?

Which of the following HLA-DQB1 alleles is most strongly associated with celiac disease predisposition?

What is the typical outcome of gallbladder impairment in CD patients who adhere to a gluten-free diet?

Why might the correlation between celiac disease and gallbladder complications be underestimated in current clinical understanding?

What type of study is needed to better understand the clinical implications of gallbladder alterations in CD patients?

What does the statement 'this genetic background is necessary, but not sufficient, to develop CD upon gluten dietary exposure' imply?

In the context of the article, what is the significance of MDPI staying neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims?

What did Low-Beer et al. initially observe in CD patients regarding gallbladder function?

The study of bile salt turn-over in CD patients by Low-Beer et al. revealed what phenomenon?

What did Di Magno et al. indirectly suggest was impaired in CD patients after a meal?

What key observation did Low-Beer et al. make regarding CCK levels in CD patients compared to controls?

What method did Low-Beer et al. use to assess gallbladder response in conjunction with measuring plasma CCK kinetics?

How did gallbladder emptying differ in CD patients compared to controls in the study by Low-Beer et al.?

What is the significance of Low-Beer et al.'s work in understanding gallbladder dysfunction in CD patients?

Based on the experimental study by Di Magno et al. and the work of Low-Beer et al., what is the proposed sequence of events leading to gallbladder dysfunction in CD patients?

What does the analysis of available studies primarily suggest about the relationship between celiac disease (CD) and gallbladder function?

What is the potential long-term consequence of untreated celiac disease (CD) with regards to gallbladder function?

A study analyzes duodenal biopsies from patients with celiac disease (CD) and healthy controls. What is the primary conclusion regarding CCK-producing cells, based on immuno-staining and mRNA expression analysis?

What correlation was observed between delayed celiac disease (CD) diagnosis and gallbladder ejection fraction (GBEF)?

A researcher is investigating serum CCK8 concentrations in children with untreated celiac disease (uCD) after a fatty meal, using radioimmunoassay. How would one describe the expected CCK response in these patients compared to healthy controls?

In the context of celiac disease (CD) and gallbladder function, what is the effect of adherence to a gluten-free diet (GFD)?

Two studies investigate CCK release in Celiac Disease (CD) patients. One analyzes duodenal biopsies via immunostaining and mRNA expression, while the other measures serum CCK8 concentration after a fatty meal. What is a key difference in methodology between these studies?

In studies assessing enteroendocrine cells, what inconsistent findings have been reported regarding CCK-positive cells in untreated celiac disease (CD) patients?

Based on the presented information, what conclusion can be drawn about the cause of defective CCK release in Celiac Disease (CD) patients?

A researcher aims to replicate the findings of Deprez et al. (2002b) regarding CCK in celiac disease. Which methodologies would be most appropriate?

What was the main finding when comparing children with normal gallbladder ejection fraction (GBEF) to those with reduced GBEF in the subgroup analysis?

Consider two studies: Study A examines duodenal biopsies and Study B measures serum CCK after a fatty meal. If both studies involve children with untreated celiac disease (uCD), what confounding factor might disproportionately affect the results of Study B compared to Study A?

Based on the information, what parameters are indicative of gallbladder dysmotility in children with celiac disease?

What statistical findings are reported concerning the delay in diagnosis and its impact on gallbladder function?

A new study aims to determine if a specific dietary intervention can improve CCK release in children with celiac disease. Based on the information provided in the text, which outcome would provide the STRONGEST evidence that the dietary intervention is effective?

A researcher hypothesizes that the "flat intestinal mucosa" observed in some celiac disease patients directly impairs CCK release. Which of the following experimental approaches would be the MOST appropriate for testing this hypothesis in vitro?

Which diagnostic finding is MOST indicative of chronic cholecystitis when using gallbladder scintigraphy?

A patient presents with recurrent biliary pain, nausea, and bloating. Ultrasonography reveals gallbladder wall thickening. Which condition should be considered in the differential diagnosis, especially if the patient also has celiac disease (CD)?

What is a key limitation in understanding the relationship between dyspeptic symptoms, right upper abdominal pain, and gallbladder contractility in celiac disease (CD) patients?

According to the 'UK biobank' study, what percentage of individuals with celiac disease (CD) were diagnosed with cholelithiasis?

In the 'UK biobank' study, how did the rate of cholelithiasis in individuals with celiac disease (CD) compare to the control group?

What is a primary challenge in diagnosing chronic cholecystitis?

How might coeliac disease contribute to the development of cholesterol gallstone disease?

Why might gallbladder dysfunction contribute to abdominal symptoms in patients with celiac disease (CD)?

What percentage of individuals with celiac disease (CD) were diagnosed with unspecified cholecystitis in the 'UK biobank' study?

Which of the following is a potential complication of impaired gallbladder emptying?

What could be a possible cause of acute acalculous cholecystitis in children, according to the text?

In critically ill patients, impaired gallbladder emptying is assessed using which diagnostic method?

How does Peptide YY (PYY) affect gallbladder emptying in humans?

Why might elderly patients with biopsy-defined coeliac disease present a diagnostic challenge?

What is the significance of age at diagnosis in the nutritional course of coeliac disease?

What is the likely connection between critical illness and impaired gallbladder emptying?