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Questions and Answers
What is the correct order of the eight major phases of the Moon as mentioned in the text?
What is the correct order of the eight major phases of the Moon as mentioned in the text?
- Waning crescent, third quarter, waxing crescent, new Moon, first quarter, waxing gibbous, full Moon, wanning gibbous
- First quarter, new Moon, full Moon, waxing crescent, wanning crescent, waxing gibbous, waning gibbous, third quarter
- New Moon, waxing crescent, first quarter, waxing gibbous, full Moon, wanning gibbous, third quarter, waning crescent (correct)
- Full Moon, new Moon, first quarter, third quarter, waxing crescent, wanning crescent, waxing gibbous, waning gibbous
What triggers an eclipse according to the text?
What triggers an eclipse according to the text?
- Passing of one celestial body into the shadow of another celestial body (correct)
- Rotation of planets
- Merging of stars and planets
- Collision of two celestial bodies
Which five planets have been known and observed since prehistoric times?
Which five planets have been known and observed since prehistoric times?
- Neptune, Uranus, Earth, Pluto, Mercury
- Earth, Uranus, Mars, Neptune, Mercury
- Mercury, Venus, Mars, Jupiter, Saturn (correct)
- Saturn, Neptune, Earth, Venus, Jupiter
What happens when planets move across the sky, according to the text?
What happens when planets move across the sky, according to the text?
What are comets?
What are comets?
What was noticed by ancient astronomers other than the Sun, Moon, and stars?
What was noticed by ancient astronomers other than the Sun, Moon, and stars?
What is the main characteristic of the geocentric model?
What is the main characteristic of the geocentric model?
What is the main purpose of ancient astronomers' observations of astronomical phenomena?
What is the main purpose of ancient astronomers' observations of astronomical phenomena?
What would happen to Earth if the Sun didn't exist?
What would happen to Earth if the Sun didn't exist?
Which of the following is NOT a planet in our solar system?
Which of the following is NOT a planet in our solar system?
What is the term for the events recorded by ancient astronomers to understand the universe?
What is the term for the events recorded by ancient astronomers to understand the universe?
What is unique about the Copernican model?
What is unique about the Copernican model?
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Study Notes
Phases of the Moon
- There are 8 major phases of the Moon as it orbits the Earth, resulting from varying angles of illumination by the Sun
- The phases, in order, are: new Moon, waxing crescent, first quarter, waxing gibbous, full Moon, waning gibbous, third quarter, and waning crescent
Eclipses
- An eclipse occurs when one celestial body passes into the shadow of another
- Eclipses are a result of the angles of illumination by the Sun as the Moon orbits the Earth
Motion of Planets
- Planets appear to brighten and dim as they move across the sky
- Ancient astronomers observed 5 planets: Mercury, Venus, Mars, Jupiter, and Saturn, which appear as points of light that move relative to other stars
Comets
- Comets are small celestial bodies that revolve around the Sun
- They are thought to be leftovers from the formation of our solar system 4.6 billion years ago
Ancient Astronomers
- Ancient astronomers recorded astronomical phenomena, leading to the creation of ancient calendars and charts
- Their observations allowed them to understand and analyze astronomical phenomena
Models of the Universe
- Ptolemaic Geocentric Model: Earth is at the center, with the Sun, Moon, stars, and planets orbiting around it
- Copernican Heliocentric Model: the Sun is at the center, with the planets orbiting around it
The Solar System
- The solar system consists of 8 major planets: Mercury, Venus, Earth, Mars, Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, and Neptune
- The planets orbit around the Sun, with Earth being the planet we live on
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