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Questions and Answers
What is the focus of the current and future therapies and treatment?
What is the common factor among the listed celebrities?
Which research institute is mentioned in the text?
What is the theme that involves the body's response to external substances?
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How many themes are mentioned in the text?
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What is sepsis?
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How many people are affected by sepsis every year worldwide?
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What percentage of global deaths are related to sepsis?
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How many lives does sepsis claim every year compared to cancer?
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What is the awareness of sepsis among the adult population in developed countries?
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What is the ranking of sepsis as a cause of death in the least developed countries?
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What is sepsis, as described in the context of immune therapy in oncology?
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What is the primary difference between sepsis and septic shock?
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What is the clinical construct used to identify septic shock patients?
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What is the approximate hospital mortality rate for septic shock patients?
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What is the relationship between sepsis and organ dysfunction?
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What percentage of all global deaths are attributed to sepsis?
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What is the approximate number of people affected by sepsis every year?
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Which of the following bacteria is a common cause of sepsis?
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What is the proportion of Gram(+) bacteria among the bacteria that cause sepsis?
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What is the approximate number of sepsis-related deaths recorded worldwide?
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In which countries is sepsis a leading cause of death?
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What type of infections are often associated with sepsis?
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What is the medical history of the patient presented in the text?
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What was the patient's initial treatment upon admission?
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What was the patient's oxygen saturation level?
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What was the patient's temperature?
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Study Notes
Sepsis: Definition and Epidemiology
- Sepsis is a complication caused by the body's overwhelming and life-threatening response to an infection, leading to tissue damage, organ failure, and death.
- Estimated 49 million people worldwide are affected by sepsis every year.
- 11 million sepsis-related deaths were recorded worldwide, accounting for ~20% of all global deaths.
- Sepsis is a global healthcare problem, more common than heart attack, and claims more lives than any cancer.
Causes of Sepsis
- Infections can lead to sepsis, with the most common causes being:
- Bacteria (25% Gram(+), 25% Gram(-))
- Fungi (5-10%)
- Viruses
- Mixed (15%)
- Certain germs, such as Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus pneumoniae, Escherichia coli, Klebsiella species, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa, are commonly associated with sepsis.
Types of Infections Leading to Sepsis
- Infections of the:
- Lungs (e.g., pneumonia)
- Urinary tract (e.g., kidney)
- Skin
- Gut
Sepsis Signs and Symptoms
- Decreasing oxygen saturation
- Decreasing blood pressure
- Decreased responsiveness
- Anuria
- Temperature > 39°C
Clinical Course of Sepsis
- Decreasing oxygen saturation (SaO2 70%)
- Decreasing blood pressure (MAP 60)
- Decreased responsiveness
- Anuria
- Temperature 39°C
- Decreased kidney function
Lab Tests and Diagnosis
- pH < 7.35
- Base Excess < -2.5
- Lactate > 7.1
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Description
Test your knowledge of famous celebrities who have passed away. From actors to musicians, see how well you remember the lives and careers of these beloved stars.
