Untitled Quiz

Study Notes

Subjectivity is a characteristic of reality as perceived, rather than as independent of the mind.
It's experience or knowledge conditioned by personal/mental characteristics, modified by personal views, experiences or background.

Objectivity describes objects, phenomena, and conditions in the realm of sensible experience, independent of individual thought.
Observers can perceive it.
It's measurable and empirical.
Observing reality in measurable and empirical ways is key to objectivity.
Identifying facts independent of individual perspectives is essential.
Providing evidence supporting claims is part of establishing objectivity.
Connecting arguments to accounts and accepting evidence independent of bias is crucial.

Objectivity is not neutrality
The argument of moderation fallacy is a logical error involving the incorrect assumption that 'truth' lies in the middle of two conflicting positions.

Political scientists study various aspects of society, using concepts of power, governance, and the state to construct their explanations.

The state is a human community laying claim to the legitimate use of physical force within a given territory (Max Weber).

One-Dimensional Power: The ability to compel someone to do something they wouldn't otherwise do (direct observable conflicts).
Two-Dimensional Power: Includes the ability to control the political agenda, shaping what issues are discussed and debated (indirect influence, agenda-setting).
Three-Dimensional Power: Operates beyond visible decisions, shapes preferences, social arrangements and norms, often without awareness (e.g. power embedded in social systems).

Distinct from government, governance involves institutions, practices, and discourses to transform and direct subjects.
It involves subject formation, identity, and legitimation.
It can be seen in general aspects of life.
Political scientists have specific interests or specific forms of life, like capitalism or modernity.