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Questions and Answers
Which component of a computer is commonly referred to as the 'brain'?
What type of memory allows quick access and manipulation of data while programs are running?
Which of the following is considered a permanent storage in a computer?
What is the primary function of the BIOS in a computer system?
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Which component of a computer system is responsible for storing firmware?
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What type of storage includes both Hard Disk Drives (HDD) and Solid State Drives (SSD)?
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Which of the following describes a program in a computer system?
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Which component is NOT classified as computer hardware?
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The _____ manipulates data based on instructions called a program.
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The _____ of a computer system includes hardware and software components.
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The _____ (also known as RAM) is the system's short-term memory.
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The _____ is a permanent storage used for crucial software, like the BIOS.
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The _____ is responsible for executing instructions within a computer.
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_____ includes the main storage medium like HDD or SSD in a computer system.
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The BIOS is a firmware component that helps in starting-up the computer when it is _____ on.
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_____ refers to the physical elements and machinery of a computer.
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The _____ of a computer execute basic arithmetic and logic operations.
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The information processing cycle includes gathering, processing, and _____ data.
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Study Notes
Major Components of Computer System
- A computer is a machine that manipulates data according to a set of instructions called a program.
- Programs dictate when to acquire information, how to process it, perform calculations, and generate output.
- A computer system is the integration of hardware and software necessary for data processing and storage.
Computer Hardware
- Hardware denotes the physical components of a computer, often referred to as machinery or equipment.
- A typical computer system consists of several major components that work together for efficient operation.
The Central Processing Unit (CPU)
- Known as the "brain" of the computer, the CPU is responsible for most processing tasks within the system.
- It executes program instructions via arithmetic, logic, control, and input/output operations.
Memory (RAM - Random Access Memory)
- RAM serves as the system's short-term memory, storing data and instructions currently in use by the CPU for quick access.
- This memory allows for fast data manipulation while applications are running.
Memory (ROM - Read Only Memory)
- ROM is a type of permanent storage that retains information even when the computer is powered off.
- It commonly holds firmware or essential software, like the BIOS, which initializes hardware components.
BIOS (Basic Input/Output System)
- BIOS is a firmware that controls the initial startup process of a computer when power is applied.
- It is crucial for hardware initialization and loading the operating system.
Primary Storage
- This encompasses the main storage media of a system, including Hard Disk Drives (HDD) and Solid State Drives (SSD).
- Primary storage is used to persistently hold the operating system, applications, and user data files.
Introduction to Computer Systems
- A computer is a machine that manipulates data using a program, performing calculations faster than humans.
- A program directs the computer on data acquisition, processing, and output generation.
- A computer system consists of all components necessary for data processing and storage, combining hardware and software.
Major Components of Computer System
- Computer hardware refers to the physical parts of a computer, often referred to as machinery or equipment.
- Key components include the Central Processing Unit (CPU), memory types (RAM and ROM), BIOS, and primary storage (HDD/SSD).
The Central Processing Unit (CPU)
- Known as the "brain" of the computer, responsible for executing program instructions.
- Performs fundamental operations: arithmetic, logic, control, and input/output tasks.
Memory Types
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Random Access Memory (RAM):
- Serves as short-term memory for temporarily storing data and instructions currently in use by the CPU.
- Facilitates quick data access and manipulation during program execution.
-
Read Only Memory (ROM):
- Permanent memory used to store essential firmware, such as BIOS, which is crucial for the computer’s startup process.
- Non-volatile, retaining information even when power is off.
BIOS (Basic Input/Output System)
- A firmware component that initializes and tests hardware during startup, leading to the operating system launch.
Primary Storage
- Comprises main storage media like Hard Disk Drives (HDD) and Solid State Drives (SSD).
- Stores the operating system, applications, and user data files permanently for future access.
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Description
This quiz covers the fundamentals of computer programming as outlined in Module 1 of the CC 1101 course. Topics include major components of a computer system, the importance of human resources in programming, and the information processing cycle. Test your knowledge on elements of computer programs and the statements or commands used in programming.
