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Questions and Answers
Which component of a computer is commonly referred to as the 'brain'?
Which component of a computer is commonly referred to as the 'brain'?
What type of memory allows quick access and manipulation of data while programs are running?
What type of memory allows quick access and manipulation of data while programs are running?
Which of the following is considered a permanent storage in a computer?
Which of the following is considered a permanent storage in a computer?
What is the primary function of the BIOS in a computer system?
What is the primary function of the BIOS in a computer system?
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Which component of a computer system is responsible for storing firmware?
Which component of a computer system is responsible for storing firmware?
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What type of storage includes both Hard Disk Drives (HDD) and Solid State Drives (SSD)?
What type of storage includes both Hard Disk Drives (HDD) and Solid State Drives (SSD)?
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Which of the following describes a program in a computer system?
Which of the following describes a program in a computer system?
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Which component is NOT classified as computer hardware?
Which component is NOT classified as computer hardware?
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The _____ manipulates data based on instructions called a program.
The _____ manipulates data based on instructions called a program.
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The _____ of a computer system includes hardware and software components.
The _____ of a computer system includes hardware and software components.
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The _____ (also known as RAM) is the system's short-term memory.
The _____ (also known as RAM) is the system's short-term memory.
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The _____ is a permanent storage used for crucial software, like the BIOS.
The _____ is a permanent storage used for crucial software, like the BIOS.
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The _____ is responsible for executing instructions within a computer.
The _____ is responsible for executing instructions within a computer.
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_____ includes the main storage medium like HDD or SSD in a computer system.
_____ includes the main storage medium like HDD or SSD in a computer system.
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The BIOS is a firmware component that helps in starting-up the computer when it is _____ on.
The BIOS is a firmware component that helps in starting-up the computer when it is _____ on.
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_____ refers to the physical elements and machinery of a computer.
_____ refers to the physical elements and machinery of a computer.
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The _____ of a computer execute basic arithmetic and logic operations.
The _____ of a computer execute basic arithmetic and logic operations.
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The information processing cycle includes gathering, processing, and _____ data.
The information processing cycle includes gathering, processing, and _____ data.
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Study Notes
Major Components of Computer System
- A computer is a machine that manipulates data according to a set of instructions called a program.
- Programs dictate when to acquire information, how to process it, perform calculations, and generate output.
- A computer system is the integration of hardware and software necessary for data processing and storage.
Computer Hardware
- Hardware denotes the physical components of a computer, often referred to as machinery or equipment.
- A typical computer system consists of several major components that work together for efficient operation.
The Central Processing Unit (CPU)
- Known as the "brain" of the computer, the CPU is responsible for most processing tasks within the system.
- It executes program instructions via arithmetic, logic, control, and input/output operations.
Memory (RAM - Random Access Memory)
- RAM serves as the system's short-term memory, storing data and instructions currently in use by the CPU for quick access.
- This memory allows for fast data manipulation while applications are running.
Memory (ROM - Read Only Memory)
- ROM is a type of permanent storage that retains information even when the computer is powered off.
- It commonly holds firmware or essential software, like the BIOS, which initializes hardware components.
BIOS (Basic Input/Output System)
- BIOS is a firmware that controls the initial startup process of a computer when power is applied.
- It is crucial for hardware initialization and loading the operating system.
Primary Storage
- This encompasses the main storage media of a system, including Hard Disk Drives (HDD) and Solid State Drives (SSD).
- Primary storage is used to persistently hold the operating system, applications, and user data files.
Introduction to Computer Systems
- A computer is a machine that manipulates data using a program, performing calculations faster than humans.
- A program directs the computer on data acquisition, processing, and output generation.
- A computer system consists of all components necessary for data processing and storage, combining hardware and software.
Major Components of Computer System
- Computer hardware refers to the physical parts of a computer, often referred to as machinery or equipment.
- Key components include the Central Processing Unit (CPU), memory types (RAM and ROM), BIOS, and primary storage (HDD/SSD).
The Central Processing Unit (CPU)
- Known as the "brain" of the computer, responsible for executing program instructions.
- Performs fundamental operations: arithmetic, logic, control, and input/output tasks.
Memory Types
-
Random Access Memory (RAM):
- Serves as short-term memory for temporarily storing data and instructions currently in use by the CPU.
- Facilitates quick data access and manipulation during program execution.
-
Read Only Memory (ROM):
- Permanent memory used to store essential firmware, such as BIOS, which is crucial for the computer’s startup process.
- Non-volatile, retaining information even when power is off.
BIOS (Basic Input/Output System)
- A firmware component that initializes and tests hardware during startup, leading to the operating system launch.
Primary Storage
- Comprises main storage media like Hard Disk Drives (HDD) and Solid State Drives (SSD).
- Stores the operating system, applications, and user data files permanently for future access.
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Description
This quiz covers the fundamentals of computer programming as outlined in Module 1 of the CC 1101 course. Topics include major components of a computer system, the importance of human resources in programming, and the information processing cycle. Test your knowledge on elements of computer programs and the statements or commands used in programming.
