CBSE Class 9 Geography Chapter 4 Climate FAQ

Study Notes

Hills and Summer Temperature

Hills tend to be cooler in summer due to higher elevation, which leads to lower air pressure and temperatures.
Increased vegetation and moisture in hilly areas also contribute to cooler microclimates.

Moderating Influence of the Sea

Oceans regulate temperature by absorbing heat during the day and releasing it at night, resulting in milder climates.
Proximity to the sea often leads to less extreme weather and temperature fluctuations compared to continental locations.

Continentality Factor

Continentality refers to the proximity to large landmasses or oceans, affecting temperature variation and precipitation patterns.
Areas farther from oceans experience greater temperature extremes between summer and winter.

High Mountains and Climate

High mountains influence climate by blocking prevailing winds, creating rain shadows on one side and increased moisture on the other.
They can also affect temperature, as high altitudes generally experience cooler conditions.

Ocean Currents and Coastal Climate

Ocean currents distribute heat across the globe, influencing coastal temperatures and weather patterns.
Warm currents raise temperatures along coastlines, while cold currents lower them, impacting local climates.

Precipitation

Precipitation is any form of water, such as rain, snow, sleet, or hail, that falls from the atmosphere to the Earth's surface.
It is a crucial component of the water cycle, affecting ecosystems and agriculture.

Weather vs. Climate

Weather refers to short-term atmospheric conditions, including temperature, humidity, precipitation, and wind at a specific time and place.
Climate is the long-term average of weather patterns over an extended period (typically 30 years) in a particular region.

Elements of Weather and Climate

Weather elements include temperature, humidity, atmospheric pressure, wind speed, and precipitation.
Climate encompasses long-term trends and averages of these weather elements, highlighting regional patterns over decades.

Latitude and Climate

Latitude significantly affects climate; locations closer to the equator receive more direct sunlight, resulting in warmer temperatures.
As latitude increases towards the poles, solar energy decreases, leading to cooler climates.

Altitude and Climate

Higher altitudes usually result in cooler temperatures due to the thinning atmosphere and lesser air pressure.
Altitude can also influence precipitation patterns, with mountains often receiving more rainfall at higher elevations.

Temperature Gradient from Equator to Poles

Air temperature decreases from the equator to the poles due to variations in solar insolation, affecting heating of the Earth's surface.
The angle of sunlight striking the Earth is more direct at the equator and more oblique at higher latitudes, leading to cooler conditions.

Seasonal Divisions

The primary factor determining seasonal divisions is the tilt of the Earth's axis, which affects the distribution of sunlight throughout the year.
Changes in day length and solar heating define the seasonal variations experienced in different regions.

Description

Test your knowledge on CBSE Class 9 Geography Chapter 4 Climate through frequently asked questions. Explore topics like atmospheric conditions in India, reasons for wearing woollens in December, discomfort in May, and monsoon rains in June-July. Download the notes for future reference.