CBSE Class 8 Social Science History Chapter 5

Nawabs and Rajas lost authority by the mid-18th century, leading to negotiation attempts with the British East India Company.

Awadh, one of the last territories, was annexed by the British East India Company in 1856, following a subsidiary alliance imposed in 1801.

The British planned to abolish the Mughal dynasty, moving the last Mughal King's family out of the Red Fort and eliminating the recognition of future Mughal descendants as kings.

Peasants and zamindars opposed high taxes and rigid revenue collection methods, leading to land loss due to loan defaults.

Indian sepoys, Company employees, were dissatisfied with low pay, allowances, and conditions, especially regarding overseas service requirements.

Indian sepoys initially refused to serve in Burma via sea route, but later agreed to land travel.

British reforms included laws to ban sati and encourage widow remarriage.

Christian missionaries were allowed more freedom in India, given land ownership rights, and legal aid after 1830.

A large-scale rebellion against the British East India Company in 1857, starting with sepoy (Indian soldier) revolts.

The massive 1857 uprising against British rule, involving various sections of Indian society.

Indian soldier who attacked British officers in Barrackpore in 1857, marking an early event in the rebellion.

Cartridges suspected of being greased with cow and pig fat, a major cause of the 1857 sepoy mutiny.

Last Mughal emperor who supported the 1857 rebellion by declaring support to Indian states.

Adopted son of the late Peshwa who rebelled against the British and took control of Kanpur during the mutiny.

Rani of Jhansi who joined the rebel sepoys and fought the British.

General of Nana Saheb, who fought with Rani Lakshmibai against the British during the mutiny.

A queen from Ramgarh, Madhya Pradesh, who resisted British rule and led an army against them.

A widespread uprising against the British East India Company, fueled by discontent among the people.

During the rebellion, several new leaders emerged, including Ahmadullah Shah from Faizabad, Bakht Khan in Delhi, and Kunwar Singh in Bihar.

The British East India Company received reinforcements from England to suppress the rebellion.

In September 1857, the British recaptured Delhi and imprisoned the Mughal emperor Bahadur Shah Zafar.

Rani Lakshmibai, a queen who famously fought against the British, was defeated and killed in June 1858.

In 1858, the British Crown took over the administration of India from the East India Company.

British assured Indian rulers that their territories would not be annexed and their succession rights would be respected.