CBSE Class 12 Physics Syllabus Overview

10 Questions

What is the relationship between electric charge and conductors?

Electric charge resides on the surface of conductors

Explain Gauss's law in relation to electric flux.

Gauss's law states that the total electric flux through a closed surface is equal to the charge enclosed by the surface divided by the permittivity of free space

What is the effect of dielectric on capacitance?

The presence of a dielectric material between the plates of a capacitor increases the capacitance.

Define Ohm's law and its significance in current electricity.

Ohm's law states that the current passing through a conductor is directly proportional to the voltage applied across it, given a constant temperature.

What does the Biot-Savart law describe?

The Biot-Savart law describes the magnetic field produced by a current-carrying wire.

What is Faraday's law of electromagnetic induction?

It states that the induced electromotive force in a circuit is directly proportional to the rate of change of magnetic flux through the circuit.

Explain Lenz's law.

Lenz's law states that the direction of the induced current in a circuit is such that it opposes the change in magnetic flux that produced it.

Define inductive and capacitive reactances.

Inductive reactance is the opposition to the change in current flow in an inductor, while capacitive reactance is the opposition to the change in voltage across a capacitor.

What is the significance of RMS values of current and voltage in AC circuits?

RMS values represent the equivalent DC values of current and voltage in an AC circuit, making it easier to calculate power and analyze circuit behavior.

Explain the concept of interference in wave optics.

Interference occurs when two or more waves superpose to form a resultant wave, leading to the reinforcement or cancellation of amplitudes.

Study Notes

Physics Class 12: A Comprehensive Guide

Physics at the Class 12 level is a pivotal moment in your education where you delve into the fundamental principles that govern our universe. The syllabus is expansive, encompassing a diverse range of topics to build a strong foundation for further studies in science, engineering, and technology.

This article breaks down the key topics of Class 12 Physics according to the latest syllabus of the Central Board of Secondary Education (CBSE).

Topics Covered

Electric Charges and Fields
- Electric charge
- Conductors and insulators
- Coulomb's law
- Electric field
- Gauss's law and electric flux
- Electric potential and potential difference
- Capacitance
Electrostatic Potential and Capacitance
- Effect of dielectric on capacitance
- Combination of capacitors
- Energy stored in a capacitor
Current Electricity
- Electric current
- Resistance
- Ohm's law
- Electric power and DC circuits
- Cell, emf, terminal voltage, and internal resistance
- Combination of cells
Moving Charges and Magnetism
- Magnetic force
- Motion in a magnetic field
- Magnetic field due to a current element
- Biot-Savart law
- Ampere's law
- Force between two parallel currents
- Solenoid and toroid
- Torque on a current loop
- Transformers
Magnetism and Matter
- Magnetic properties of materials
- Permanent magnets and electromagnets
Electromagnetic Induction
- Faraday's laws of electromagnetic induction
- Lenz's law
- AC voltage applied to resistors, capacitors, and inductors
- Inductive and capacitive reactances
- RMS values of current and voltage
- Phasor diagrams
Ray Optics and Optical Instruments
- Reflection and refraction
- Mirrors and lenses
- Ray diagrams
- Thin lenses and their properties
Wave Optics
- Huygens' principle
- Interference
- Diffraction
- Polarization
Dual Nature of Radiation and Matter
- Photoelectric effect
- Wave-particle duality
- De Broglie's hypothesis
Atoms

Rutherford's nuclear model of the atom
Bohr model of the hydrogen atom
Spectra of hydrogen and hydrogen-like atoms

Nuclei

Radioactivity
Nuclear binding energy
Nuclear force

Semiconductor Electronics: Materials, Devices, and Simple Circuits

Classification of materials
Intrinsic and extrinsic semiconductors
P-N junction
Rectifiers

Electromagnetic Waves

Properties of electromagnetic waves
Reflection and transmission at boundary
Refraction

The CBSE Class 12 Physics syllabus is extensive, but it's essential to master all topics to build a strong foundation for higher education and future careers. Consistent study and understanding the basic concepts will help you achieve great results.