Cavity Classifications Flashcards
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Questions and Answers

Which of the following are other names for cavities?

  • Caries (correct)
  • Lesion
  • Abscess
  • Decay (correct)

    • What does the term incipient mean in relation to cavities?

    Incipient means the beginning stages.

    How do pit & fissure cavities look clinically?

    Darkened, shaded outline under a break in the enamel.

    How can an operator determine the existence of interproximal cavities?

    <p>Using un-waxed floss (B), Using an explorer (C), Viewing dental radiographs (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are Class I cavities?

    <p>Cavities found in pits &amp; fissures of all anterior/posterior teeth.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are Class II cavities?

    <p>Cavities found interproximally on surfaces of posterior teeth.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are Class III cavities?

    <p>Cavities found interproximally on surfaces of anterior teeth.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are Class IV cavities?

    <p>Cavities found interproximally on surfaces of anterior teeth + incisal angle.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are Class V cavities?

    <p>Cavities found on the gingival or cervical 1/3 of all teeth.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is Class VI in cavity classification?

    <p>Cavities found on incisal or occlusal surfaces due to abrasion.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Differentiate between simple, compound, and complex cavities.

    <p>Simple cavities involve 1 surface only, compound involve 2 surfaces, and complex involve 3 or more surfaces.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the appropriate numbers for the following tooth surfaces: Mesial, Distal, Facial, Lingual, Occlusal?

    <p>Mesial = 1, Distal = 2, Facial = 3, Lingual = 4, Occlusal = 5.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Describe considerations in cavity prep design.

    <p>Outline Form is the overall shape of the cavity prep at the cavosurface margin.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is resistance form in cavity preparation?

    <p>The design intended to resist fracture of the tooth and the restoration.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is convenience form in cavity preparation?

    <p>The form that allows for access for instruments.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is retention form in cavity preparation?

    <p>The relationship of the cavity walls to help hold the restoration in place.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the term cavity wall/floors refer to?

    <p>Refers to the surfaces found inside the prep.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are line angles?

    <p>Where two cavity walls meet or where a cavity wall and cavity floor meet.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of an amalgam carrier?

    <p>Carries and places amalgam into the prep.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does a matrix band and retainer do?

    <p>Acts as a form to pack amalgam into when proximal surfaces are missing.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of an amalgam carver?

    <p>Removes and carves excess amalgam.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the ward-hollenbeck carve?

    <p>Carves interproximally (mesial-distal) for Class II.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the cleoid-discoid used for?

    <p>Carves excess amalgam from the occlusal surface.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does an anatomical burnisher do?

    <p>Used to replace anatomy in the occlusal surface of amalgam and burnish the margins.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the first step in amalgam procedural steps for Class II?

    <p>Site examination using explorer and mirror.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the second step in amalgam procedural steps?

    <p>Anesthesia is administered to numb the area.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is involved in the cavity prep step?

    <p>The operator opens and designs the cavity prep with a high speed bur.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of matrix band (retainer) & wedge placement?

    <p>To ensure proper shaping and containment of amalgam in Class II cavities.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does isolation refer to in cavity preparation?

    <p>Isolates the site from other tissues to keep it clean and dry.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is cavity medication dependent on?

    <p>Depth of prep and dentist's preference.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of using etch/bonding agents?

    <p>Improve retention and help with sensitivity.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the process of inserting amalgam?

    <p>Small increments are placed and condensed in the prep.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is involved in matrix & wedge removal?

    <p>Loosen and remove the retainer, band, and wedge.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is interproximal carving in Class II?

    <p>Using a ward/hollenbeck carver or explorer to remove excess from interproximal surfaces.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the final carving and occlusal check?

    <p>Use the cleoid-discoid on occlusal, and check for hyper occlusion with articulating paper.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are postoperative instructions for patients?

    <p>Avoid eating on operative site for 24 hours and eat soft foods.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do Class I & V amalgam restorations differ from Class II?

    <p>No matrix is needed for Class I and V restorations.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    List precautions for prevention of mercury contamination.

    <ul> <li>Ventilate office according to OSHA guidelines.</li> <li>Store scrap amalgam in covered containers.</li> <li>Do not heat amalgam or mercury.</li> <li>Avoid direct contact with mercury.</li> <li>Dispose of mercury contaminated items properly.</li> <li>Use precapsulated amalgam.</li> <li>Use air/water spray when removing old amalgams.</li> <li>Keep cover over capsule while mixing amalgam.</li> </ul> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the indication for using a matrix band & wedge?

    <p>They are required for fillings when replacing an interproximal surface.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are two purposes for a matrix band?

    <ol> <li>Substitute for lost wall during amalgam condensing.</li> <li>Provide contour for filling.</li> </ol> Signup and view all the answers

    Where should the occlusal & cervical margins of the matrix band be in relation to the tooth?

    <p>The occlusal edge should extend no more than 2mm above highest cusp, and cervical edge should extend no more than 1-1.5mm beyond gingival margin.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are two purposes for the interproximal wedge?

    <ol> <li>Prevents amalgam overhang caused by condensing forces.</li> <li>Prevents open interproximal contact by causing slight separation of teeth.</li> </ol> Signup and view all the answers

    Where is the toffelmire matrix & retainer typically placed?

    <p>On the facial or buccal side of the tooth.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the contra-angle toffelmire retainer?

    <p>To avoid hitting anterior teeth and easily access posterior teeth.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Cavity Classifications

    • Two alternative terms for cavities are caries and decay.
    • Incipient denotes the early stage of cavity formation.
    • Clinically, pit and fissure cavities appear as darkened outlines beneath enamel breaks.

    Interproximal Cavities Detection

    • Detection methods include viewing dental radiographs, using an explorer, and un-waxed floss.

    Cavity Classes

    • Class I: Cavities in pits and fissures on all teeth; most common on posterior teeth's occlusal surfaces.
    • Class II: Interproximal cavities on posterior teeth surfaces.
    • Class III: Interproximal cavities on anterior teeth.
    • Class IV: Interproximal cavities on anterior teeth affecting the incisal angle.
    • Class V: Cavities located on gingival or cervical third of all teeth.
    • Class VI: Cavities caused by abrasion on incisal or occlusal surfaces.

    Cavity Types

    • Simple cavities involve one surface, compound involve two surfaces, and complex involve three or more surfaces.

    Tooth Surface Numbers

    • Mesial = 1, Distal = 2, Facial (Buccal/Labial) = 3, Lingual = 4, Occlusal/Incisal = 5, Occlusal (maxillary molars & mandibular premolars section) = 5 for mesial, 6 for distal.

    Cavity Preparation Design

    • Outline Form: Overall shape at the cavosurface margin.
    • Resistance Form: Designed to prevent tooth and restoration fractures.
    • Convenience Form: Allows instrument access to the cavity.
    • Retention Form: Relationship of cavity walls that help secure the restoration.

    Cavity Anatomy

    • Cavity walls and floors refer to internal surfaces named according to their closest tooth surface.
    • Line angles are formed where cavity walls meet or where they meet cavity floors.

    Amalgam Restoration Tools

    • An amalgam carrier places amalgam into the prepared cavity.
    • A matrix band and retainer are used to pack amalgam when proximal surfaces are absent.
    • An amalgam carver removes excess amalgam and shapes the filling.
    • The Ward-Hollenbeck carver shapes interproximal surfaces specifically for Class II cavities.
    • The Cleoid-Discoid carver is used for shaping occlusal surfaces.

    Amalgam Procedural Steps

    • Step 1: Site examination using an explorer and mirror.
    • Step 2: Anesthesia application for pain management.
    • Step 3: Cavity preparation using a friction grip bur.
    • Step 4: Matrix band and wedge placement for Class II cavities.
    • Step 5: Isolation of the site to keep it clean and dry.
    • Step 6: Cavity medication based on preparation depth.
    • Step 7: Optional etching/bonding agents may enhance retention.
    • Step 8: Amalgam is inserted in small increments and condensed.

    Final Steps in Amalgam Restoration

    • Step 10: Matrix and wedge removal.
    • Step 11: Interproximal carving to remove excess material.
    • Step 12: Final carving and occlusal check conducted with articulating paper.
    • Step 13: Postoperative instructions include dietary recommendations and caution due to anesthesia.

    Differences in Class Restorations

    • Class I and V restorations do not require a matrix, unlike Class II restorations.

    Mercury Contamination Precautions

    • Office ventilation per OSHA guidelines is essential.
    • Store amalgam waste carefully and avoid heating mercury or amalgam.
    • Direct contact with mercury should be avoided; use gloves.
    • Dispose of contaminated items according to guidelines.
    • Use pre-capsulated amalgam and high-velocity suction during procedures.

    Matrix Band Use

    • Matrix bands and wedges are crucial for filling interproximal surfaces (Class II).
    • The occlusal edge of a matrix band should not extend more than 2mm above the highest cusp; cervical edge should be 1-1.5mm beyond the gingival margin.

    Wedge Functions

    • Wedges prevent amalgam overhang and maintain interproximal contact.

    Tofflemire Matrix Retainer

    • Positioned on the facial or buccal side of the tooth; wedge is adjusted from the lingual.
    • The contra-angle version is specifically angled to avoid anterior teeth interference.

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    Test your knowledge on cavity classifications with these flashcards. Learn about different names for cavities, the meaning of incipient, and how to identify pit and fissure cavities clinically. Perfect for dental students and professionals alike.

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