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Questions and Answers
What is a common cause of lymphadenopathy?
What is a common cause of lymphadenopathy?
What is a symptom of lymphadenopathy?
What is a symptom of lymphadenopathy?
What is used to assess lymph node size, texture, and tenderness?
What is used to assess lymph node size, texture, and tenderness?
What is a treatment option for malignancy-caused lymphadenopathy?
What is a treatment option for malignancy-caused lymphadenopathy?
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What is a complication of lymphadenopathy?
What is a complication of lymphadenopathy?
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What is used to diagnose lymphadenopathy?
What is used to diagnose lymphadenopathy?
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Which of the following is NOT a cause of lymphadenopathy?
Which of the following is NOT a cause of lymphadenopathy?
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What is a treatment option for infection-caused lymphadenopathy?
What is a treatment option for infection-caused lymphadenopathy?
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What is a symptom of lymphadenopathy that may indicate a more severe underlying condition?
What is a symptom of lymphadenopathy that may indicate a more severe underlying condition?
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What is a type of biopsy used to diagnose lymphadenopathy?
What is a type of biopsy used to diagnose lymphadenopathy?
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Study Notes
Causes of Lymphadenopathy
- Infections:
- Bacterial (e.g., Staphylococcus, Streptococcus, Tuberculosis)
- Viral (e.g., HIV, Epstein-Barr virus, Cytomegalovirus)
- Fungal (e.g., Histoplasma, Coccidioides)
- Malignancies:
- Lymphoma (e.g., Hodgkin's, Non-Hodgkin's)
- Leukemia
- Metastatic cancer (e.g., breast, lung, colon)
- Autoimmune disorders:
- Rheumatoid arthritis
- Systemic lupus erythematosus
- Sjögren's syndrome
- Other causes:
- Medication reactions
- Sarcoidosis
- Castleman's disease
Symptoms of Lymphadenopathy
- Enlarged lymph nodes (may be painless or tender)
- Fever
- Fatigue
- Weight loss
- Night sweats
- Skin rashes or lesions
- Swollen or painful joints
Diagnosis of Lymphadenopathy
- Physical examination:
- Palpation of lymph nodes
- Assessment of lymph node size, texture, and tenderness
- Laboratory tests:
- Complete blood count (CBC)
- Blood chemistry tests (e.g., liver function tests, electrolyte panel)
- Infection-specific tests (e.g., HIV, TB)
- Imaging studies:
- Ultrasound
- Computed tomography (CT) scan
- Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)
- Lymph node biopsy:
- Fine-needle aspiration (FNA)
- Excisional biopsy
Treatment of Lymphadenopathy
- Infection-specific treatment:
- Antibiotics for bacterial infections
- Antiviral medications for viral infections
- Antifungal medications for fungal infections
- Malignancy treatment:
- Chemotherapy
- Radiation therapy
- Targeted therapy
- Symptomatic management:
- Pain relief medications
- Anti-inflammatory medications
- Antipyretics
Complications of Lymphadenopathy
- Lymph node abscess formation
- Sepsis
- Disseminated infection
- Malignancy progression or recurrence
- Chronic lymph node enlargement
- Lymphedema (lymphatic obstruction)
Causes of Lymphadenopathy
- Infections can cause lymphadenopathy, including bacterial (Staphylococcus, Streptococcus, Tuberculosis), viral (HIV, Epstein-Barr virus, Cytomegalovirus), and fungal (Histoplasma, Coccidioides) infections
- Malignancies such as lymphoma (Hodgkin's, Non-Hodgkin's), leukemia, and metastatic cancer (breast, lung, colon) can cause lymphadenopathy
- Autoimmune disorders, such as rheumatoid arthritis, systemic lupus erythematosus, and Sjögren's syndrome, can also cause lymphadenopathy
- Other causes include medication reactions, sarcoidosis, and Castleman's disease
Symptoms of Lymphadenopathy
- Enlarged lymph nodes, which may be painless or tender
- Fever
- Fatigue
- Weight loss
- Night sweats
- Skin rashes or lesions
- Swollen or painful joints
Diagnosis of Lymphadenopathy
- Physical examination involves palpation of lymph nodes and assessment of size, texture, and tenderness
- Laboratory tests include complete blood count (CBC) and blood chemistry tests (liver function tests, electrolyte panel)
- Infection-specific tests, such as HIV and TB tests, may be necessary
- Imaging studies include ultrasound, CT scan, and MRI
- Lymph node biopsy involves fine-needle aspiration (FNA) or excisional biopsy
Treatment of Lymphadenopathy
- Infection-specific treatment, such as antibiotics for bacterial infections, antiviral medications for viral infections, and antifungal medications for fungal infections
- Malignancy treatment includes chemotherapy, radiation therapy, and targeted therapy
- Symptomatic management involves pain relief medications, anti-inflammatory medications, and antipyretics
Complications of Lymphadenopathy
- Lymph node abscess formation
- Sepsis
- Disseminated infection
- Malignancy progression or recurrence
- Chronic lymph node enlargement
- Lymphedema (lymphatic obstruction)
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Description
Identify the different causes of lymphadenopathy, including infections, malignancies, autoimmune disorders, and other factors. Test your knowledge of medical conditions and their effects on the lymphatic system.
