Ch 5: Floods
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Questions and Answers

What can cause rapid floods in regions with heavy snowfall?

  • Urbanization
  • Low-lying areas
  • Deforestation
  • Snow melting (correct)

What is a key physical cause of flash floods according to the text?

  • High rainfall (correct)
  • Poor water management
  • Coastal flooding
  • Geographical relief

How can human activities like deforestation worsen flooding?

  • Decrease water infiltration
  • Increase water absorption
  • Enhance surface runoff
  • Increase soil erosion (correct)

What represents the delay between peak rainfall and peak discharge in hydrographs?

<p>Lag time (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which activity can accelerate runoff in urban areas?

<p>Urbanization (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What can lead to downstream flooding due to faulty dams?

<p>Rapid water release (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In what type of areas is flooding particularly susceptible due to slower river flows?

<p>Low-lying areas (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What can overwhelm river capacities, leading to flash floods?

<p>High rainfall (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What do hydrographs display according to the text?

<p>River discharge over time (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a characteristic of flood impact on society?

<p>Causing water-borne diseases like cholera (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which approach is used in flood risk management to prevent overflow?

<p>Constructing barriers and levees (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a strategy specifically mentioned for managing floods in urban areas?

<p>Maintaining greenbelts and preserving wetlands (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which aspect is crucial for managing floods in rural and informal settlements?

<p>Preparing for emergency evacuations (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does urbanization affect flood risks?

<p>Increases discharge and shortens lag time (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is one of the flood management strategies mentioned in the text?

<p>Establishing efficient forecasting systems (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is it important to restrict development in known flood-prone areas?

<p>To reduce the impacts of floods on infrastructure (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a specific action mentioned for managing floods in rural and informal settlements?

<p>Providing flood risk education (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of systems are developed for efficient forecasting and alerting about floods?

<p>Warning systems (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What human activity can exacerbate the frequency and severity of floods by increasing soil erosion and decreasing water infiltration?

<p>Deforestation and poor farming (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a primary physical cause of coastal flooding as described in the text?

<p>High tides and strong onshore winds (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does urbanization contribute to flooding, based on the information provided?

<p>By accelerating surface runoff on impermeable surfaces (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What impact can debris accumulation have on river flow and flooding?

<p>Decrease river capacity (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In regions with heavy snowfall, what natural event can cause sudden floods?

<p>Snow melting (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why are low-lying areas particularly susceptible to flooding according to the text?

<p>Due to slower river flows (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What tool is mentioned in the text as crucial for understanding river discharge patterns over time?

<p>Hydrograph (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How can high rainfall lead to flash floods according to the text?

<p>By overwhelming river capacities with intense rainfall (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What role do hydrographs play in understanding floods according to the text?

<p>Influencing lag time between peak rainfall and peak discharge (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is one of the impacts of urbanization on flood risks?

<p>Shortens lag time, increasing flood risks (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a key characteristic of floods mentioned in the text?

<p>Causes extensive damage to infrastructure (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which strategy can help manage water flow and infiltration in urban areas according to the text?

<p>Maintaining greenbelts and preserving wetlands (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a specific area strategy mentioned for managing floods in rural and informal settlements?

<p>Providing flood risk education (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How can flood management be effective according to the text?

<p>By combining physical infrastructure, education, planning, and policy-making (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a consequence of floods impacting society as mentioned in the text?

<p>High damage to infrastructure and agriculture (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is it important to establish early warning systems in rural areas according to the text?

<p>To warn residents of impending floods (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What strategy is specifically mentioned for managing floods in urban areas?

<p>Prohibiting development on floodplains (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a long-term benefit of the integrated flood management approach as described in the text?

<p>Contributing to both short-term and long-term resilience against future floods (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a characteristic of effective flood management strategies mentioned in the text?

<p>Incorporating a combination of approaches including infrastructure, planning, education, and policy-making (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What can exacerbate floods by causing rivers to overflow due to obstructions in water flow?

<p>Debris accumulation (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which human activity mentioned in the text can enhance surface runoff and decrease water infiltration, thus contributing to flooding?

<p>Deforestation (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What geographical feature makes low-lying areas particularly susceptible to flooding due to slower river flows?

<p>Flat topography (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How can extended periods of intense rainfall overwhelm river capacities, leading to flash floods?

<p>Decrease in soil erosion (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a potential consequence of urbanization on flood risks according to the information provided?

<p>Accelerated runoff (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which factor represents the delay between peak rainfall and peak discharge in hydrographs, influencing flood potential?

<p>Lag time (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a primary physical cause of coastal flooding as described in the text?

<p>Strong onshore winds (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What natural event can cause sudden floods in regions with heavy snowfall, as mentioned in the text?

<p>&quot;Rapid melting of snow&quot; (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does urbanization impact flood risks according to the text?

<p>Enhances flood risks by shortening lag time and increasing discharge (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of flood defences as mentioned in the text?

<p>To prevent overflow (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is policy development crucial in flood management according to the text?

<p>To implement land-use policies restricting development in known flood-prone areas (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What impact does flood have on infrastructure and agriculture based on the text?

<p>Leads to extensive damage to infrastructure and agriculture (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What strategy is specifically mentioned for managing water flow and infiltration in urban areas?

<p>Improving drainage systems (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which characteristic is associated with effective flood management strategies?

<p>Integrating multiple approaches to mitigate flood impacts (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is it important to establish early warning systems in rural areas?

<p>To reduce the impacts of floods (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which aspect is crucial for managing floods in rural and informal settlements?

<p>Establishing early warning systems (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What long-term benefit does the integrated approach to flood management provide?

<p>Mitigating immediate effects of floods and enhancing long-term resilience against future floods (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What can lead to downstream flooding due to faulty dams?

<p>Ensuring proper maintenance of dams (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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