Ch 5: Floods
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Questions and Answers

What can cause rapid floods in regions with heavy snowfall?

  • Urbanization
  • Low-lying areas
  • Deforestation
  • Snow melting (correct)

    • What is a key physical cause of flash floods according to the text?

  • High rainfall (correct)
  • Poor water management
  • Coastal flooding
  • Geographical relief

    • How can human activities like deforestation worsen flooding?

  • Decrease water infiltration
  • Increase water absorption
  • Enhance surface runoff
  • Increase soil erosion (correct)

    • What represents the delay between peak rainfall and peak discharge in hydrographs?

    <p>Lag time</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which activity can accelerate runoff in urban areas?

    <p>Urbanization</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What can lead to downstream flooding due to faulty dams?

    <p>Rapid water release</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In what type of areas is flooding particularly susceptible due to slower river flows?

    <p>Low-lying areas</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What can overwhelm river capacities, leading to flash floods?

    <p>High rainfall</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What do hydrographs display according to the text?

    <p>River discharge over time</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a characteristic of flood impact on society?

    <p>Causing water-borne diseases like cholera</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which approach is used in flood risk management to prevent overflow?

    <p>Constructing barriers and levees</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a strategy specifically mentioned for managing floods in urban areas?

    <p>Maintaining greenbelts and preserving wetlands</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which aspect is crucial for managing floods in rural and informal settlements?

    <p>Preparing for emergency evacuations</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does urbanization affect flood risks?

    <p>Increases discharge and shortens lag time</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one of the flood management strategies mentioned in the text?

    <p>Establishing efficient forecasting systems</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is it important to restrict development in known flood-prone areas?

    <p>To reduce the impacts of floods on infrastructure</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a specific action mentioned for managing floods in rural and informal settlements?

    <p>Providing flood risk education</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of systems are developed for efficient forecasting and alerting about floods?

    <p>Warning systems</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What human activity can exacerbate the frequency and severity of floods by increasing soil erosion and decreasing water infiltration?

    <p>Deforestation and poor farming</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a primary physical cause of coastal flooding as described in the text?

    <p>High tides and strong onshore winds</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does urbanization contribute to flooding, based on the information provided?

    <p>By accelerating surface runoff on impermeable surfaces</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What impact can debris accumulation have on river flow and flooding?

    <p>Decrease river capacity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In regions with heavy snowfall, what natural event can cause sudden floods?

    <p>Snow melting</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why are low-lying areas particularly susceptible to flooding according to the text?

    <p>Due to slower river flows</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What tool is mentioned in the text as crucial for understanding river discharge patterns over time?

    <p>Hydrograph</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How can high rainfall lead to flash floods according to the text?

    <p>By overwhelming river capacities with intense rainfall</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What role do hydrographs play in understanding floods according to the text?

    <p>Influencing lag time between peak rainfall and peak discharge</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one of the impacts of urbanization on flood risks?

    <p>Shortens lag time, increasing flood risks</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a key characteristic of floods mentioned in the text?

    <p>Causes extensive damage to infrastructure</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which strategy can help manage water flow and infiltration in urban areas according to the text?

    <p>Maintaining greenbelts and preserving wetlands</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a specific area strategy mentioned for managing floods in rural and informal settlements?

    <p>Providing flood risk education</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How can flood management be effective according to the text?

    <p>By combining physical infrastructure, education, planning, and policy-making</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a consequence of floods impacting society as mentioned in the text?

    <p>High damage to infrastructure and agriculture</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is it important to establish early warning systems in rural areas according to the text?

    <p>To warn residents of impending floods</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What strategy is specifically mentioned for managing floods in urban areas?

    <p>Prohibiting development on floodplains</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a long-term benefit of the integrated flood management approach as described in the text?

    <p>Contributing to both short-term and long-term resilience against future floods</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a characteristic of effective flood management strategies mentioned in the text?

    <p>Incorporating a combination of approaches including infrastructure, planning, education, and policy-making</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What can exacerbate floods by causing rivers to overflow due to obstructions in water flow?

    <p>Debris accumulation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which human activity mentioned in the text can enhance surface runoff and decrease water infiltration, thus contributing to flooding?

    <p>Deforestation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What geographical feature makes low-lying areas particularly susceptible to flooding due to slower river flows?

    <p>Flat topography</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How can extended periods of intense rainfall overwhelm river capacities, leading to flash floods?

    <p>Decrease in soil erosion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a potential consequence of urbanization on flood risks according to the information provided?

    <p>Accelerated runoff</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which factor represents the delay between peak rainfall and peak discharge in hydrographs, influencing flood potential?

    <p>Lag time</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a primary physical cause of coastal flooding as described in the text?

    <p>Strong onshore winds</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What natural event can cause sudden floods in regions with heavy snowfall, as mentioned in the text?

    <p>&quot;Rapid melting of snow&quot;</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does urbanization impact flood risks according to the text?

    <p>Enhances flood risks by shortening lag time and increasing discharge</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of flood defences as mentioned in the text?

    <p>To prevent overflow</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is policy development crucial in flood management according to the text?

    <p>To implement land-use policies restricting development in known flood-prone areas</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What impact does flood have on infrastructure and agriculture based on the text?

    <p>Leads to extensive damage to infrastructure and agriculture</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What strategy is specifically mentioned for managing water flow and infiltration in urban areas?

    <p>Improving drainage systems</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which characteristic is associated with effective flood management strategies?

    <p>Integrating multiple approaches to mitigate flood impacts</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is it important to establish early warning systems in rural areas?

    <p>To reduce the impacts of floods</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which aspect is crucial for managing floods in rural and informal settlements?

    <p>Establishing early warning systems</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What long-term benefit does the integrated approach to flood management provide?

    <p>Mitigating immediate effects of floods and enhancing long-term resilience against future floods</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What can lead to downstream flooding due to faulty dams?

    <p>Ensuring proper maintenance of dams</p> Signup and view all the answers

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