Cattle Disbudding Procedure Quiz
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Questions and Answers

What is the primary endocrine factor that regulates the onset of puberty in heifers?

  • Prolactin secretion
  • Increased release of LH pulses (correct)
  • Decreased negative feedback of estradiol
  • Thyroid hormone levels
  • How does the maturation of the hypothalamus affect the onset of puberty in cows?

  • It stimulates the release of FSH
  • It has no effect on the onset of puberty
  • It inhibits the release of LH pulses
  • It results from decreased negative feedback of estradiol (correct)
  • Which factor affects the onset of puberty in heifers based on their weight?

  • Breed
  • Weight (correct)
  • Nutritional intake
  • Seasonal changes
  • How does the winter environment affect the onset of puberty in heifers?

    <p>Heifers born in spring and experiencing one less winter reach puberty earlier</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the corpus luteum in the reproductive system?

    <p>Produces progesterone and estrogen to maintain pregnancy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of oxytocin in late pregnancy?

    <p>Acts on the myometrium to increase uterine contractility</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When does the optimal time for mating or artificial insemination occur in cattle?

    <p>When the cow is 55-60% of its adult body weight</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How are non-selected follicles during follicular waves ultimately affected?

    <p>They undergo atresia and are eliminated from the ovaries</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of removing the faeces from the rectum before rectal palpation in cows?

    <p>To prevent trauma to the rectum during palpation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which step must be followed to avoid errors during vaginal examination using the Polansky Vaginal Speculum?

    <p>Location and examination of the cervix</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does abnormal mucus in the vagina of post-partum cows indicate?

    <p>Inflammation of the endometrium</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which structure may not be felt at all during rectal palpation of an adult female cow due to its thin walls?

    <p>Vagina</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What hormone is responsible for causing follicular development and the production of oestrogen?

    <p>FSH</p> Signup and view all the answers

    During which phase of the reproductive cycle does oestrogen have a positive feedback on the surge center and stimulate the release of GnRH, LH, and FSH?

    <p>Late-follicular phase</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the path of the oocyte post ovulation?

    <p>Preovulatory follicle, stigma, peritoneal cavity, open end of uterine tube, ampulla-isthmus junction part of uterine tube, uterus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the process that prevents polyspermy by hardening the plasma membrane of the zona pellucida?

    <p>Cortical granule release</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary role of a healthy reproductive system in cattle?

    <p>Ensuring regular breeding cycles and higher fertility rates</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does efficient reproduction impact milk production in dairy farming?

    <p>It ensures a steady cycle of pregnancy, birth, and lactation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the significance of rectal palpation in bovine reproduction management?

    <p>It helps detect reproductive health conditions and signs of pregnancy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What best describes the management practices for replacement heifers outlined in the text?

    <p>They should be managed separately from the main herd with specific housing, growth targets, and nutrition requirements</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What forms the placenta and is vascularised with umbilical vessels?

    <p>Chorioallantoic membrane</p> Signup and view all the answers

    During parturition, which water bag expels allantoic fluid first?

    <p>Allantoic cavity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What provides attachment to the mother through the projection of chorionic villi into the endometrium, forming cotyledons?

    <p>Chorion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the blood vessel structure that collects liquid waste and gases used by the embryo?

    <p>Allantois</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main function of the placenta in cows?

    <p>To facilitate the transfer of nutrients from the mother to the fetus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are placentomes in cattle made up of?

    <p>Cotyledons on the fetal side and caruncles on the maternal side</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What method is considered a quicker way to diagnose pregnancy in cattle?

    <p>Trans-rectal ultrasonography</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does optimizing cattle fertility support sustainable agricultural production?

    <p>By reducing methane emissions from nonproductive cows</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the best age range for hot-iron disbudding of a healthy calf?

    <p>2–6 weeks of age</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which location is best for anaesthetizing the corneal nerve during hot-iron disbudding?

    <p>Halfway between the base of the ear and the corner of the eye</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the recommended action after applying the cauterising iron during hot-iron disbudding?

    <p>Avoiding strong pressure</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of using non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs during disbudding?

    <p>To reduce stress in calves</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of banding in castration of cattle?

    <p>To place a rubber ring around the base of the scrotum, cutting off blood supply</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the time frame for tagging dairy calves in England?

    <p>Within 20 days of birth</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main purpose of hormonal injection in cattle castration?

    <p>To decrease endogenous hormone production</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the legal requirement for registration of a calf in Wales, Scotland, and Northern Ireland?

    <p>Within 7 days of being tagged</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of chemical injection in cattle castration?

    <p>To induce irreversible damage and loss of function in the testicular parenchyma</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What action is required for tagging bison calves?

    <p>By the time they are separated from their mother or they are 9 months of age</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the effect of hormonal injection on endogenous hormone production?

    <p>Decreases endogenous hormone production</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the consequence of banding in castration of cattle?

    <p>Induces irreversible damage and loss of function in the testicular parenchyma</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the method of castration with its description:

    <p>Physical Surgical removal of the testicles = Surgical removal of the testicles Banding (rubber ring placed around the base of the scrotum) = Cuts off blood supply causing atrophy Bloodless castration (external clamping I.e burdizzo clamps) = Can be used alongside banding Chemical Injection of sclerosing or toxic agents e.g lactic acid, into the testicular parenchyma = Causes irreversible damage and loss of function</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the method of castration with its effect on endogenous hormone production:

    <p>Physical Surgical removal of the testicles = Results in a decrease of endogenous hormone production Banding (rubber ring placed around the base of the scrotum) = Results in a decrease of endogenous hormone production Bloodless castration (external clamping I.e burdizzo clamps) = Results in a decrease of endogenous hormone production Chemical Injection of sclerosing or toxic agents e.g lactic acid, into the testicular parenchyma = Results in a decrease of endogenous hormone production</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the location with its legal requirements for tagging cattle:

    <p>England = Dairy Calves must have one tag placed within 36 hours of birth and the second placed within 20 days of birth. Wales, Scotland and N.Ireland = Same rules as England apply Bison calves = Must be tagged by the time they are separated from their mother or they are 9 months of age, whichever is sooner. All other calves (Other than bison) = Must have both tags placed within 20 days of birth.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the legal requirement with its timeline for registering tagged calves:

    <p>England = A calf must be registered within 7 days of being tagged (or in the case of a dairy calf, within 7 days of the second tag being placed) Wales, Scotland and N.Ireland = A calf must be registered within 7 days of being tagged (or in the case of a dairy calf, within 7 days of the second tag being placed)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the method with its description of castration without using surgical procedures:

    <p>Banding (rubber ring placed around the base of the scrotum) = Cuts off blood supply causing atrophy Bloodless castration (external clamping I.e burdizzo clamps) = Can be used alongside banding</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Surgical removal of the testicles is a method for castration of cattle known as ______

    <p>orchidectomy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Banding involves placing a rubber ring around the base of the scrotum, cutting off blood supply and causing ______

    <p>atrophy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Bloodless castration can be achieved using external clamping, such as burdizzo clamps, and can be used alongside ______

    <p>banding</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Chemical injection of sclerosing or toxic agents into the testicular parenchyma causes irreversible damage and loss of function, a method known as ______

    <p>chemosterilization</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Hormonal injection of immunocontraceptives induces production against gonadotropin releasing hormone (GnRH) and results in a decrease of endogenous hormone production, this method requires ______ injections

    <p>repeat</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Dairy calves must have one tag placed within 36 hours of birth and the second placed within 20 days of birth, this process is known as ______

    <p>tagging</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Registration of a calf must occur within 7 days of being tagged, this is a legal requirement for ______

    <p>identification</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Bison calves must be tagged by the time they are separated from their mother or they are 9 months of age, whichever is sooner, this is a requirement for ______

    <p>tagging</p> Signup and view all the answers

    A calf must be registered within 7 days of being tagged in Wales, Scotland, and Northern Ireland, this process is known as ______

    <p>registration</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Tagging involves placing tags within a certain time frame after birth, this is a legal requirement for ______

    <p>cattle</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The process of castration of cattle involves the surgical removal of the ______

    <p>testicles</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Banding, a method of castration, involves placing a rubber ring around the base of the scrotum, cutting off blood supply, and causing ______

    <p>atrophy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Bloodless castration can be achieved using external clamping, such as burdizzo clamps, and can be used alongside ______

    <p>banding</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Chemical injection of sclerosing or toxic agents into the testicular parenchyma causes irreversible damage and loss of function, a method known as ______

    <p>bloodless castration</p> Signup and view all the answers

    A calf must be registered within 7 days of being tagged (or in the case of a dairy calf, within 7 days of the second tag being placed), this is a legal requirement for ______

    <p>registration</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Dairy calves must have one tag placed within 36 hours of birth and the second placed within 20 days of birth, this process is known as ______

    <p>tagging</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Hormonal injection of immunocontraceptives induces production against gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH), resulting in a decrease of endogenous hormone production, this method requires the need for repeat ______

    <p>injections</p> Signup and view all the answers

    A calf must be registered within 7 days of being tagged in Wales, Scotland, and Northern Ireland, this process is known as ______

    <p>tagging</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Tagging: Dairy Calves must have one tag placed within 36 hours of birth and the second placed within 20 days of birth, this is a legal requirement for ______

    <p>tagging</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Bison calves must be tagged by the time they are separated from their mother or they are 9 months of age, whichever is sooner, this process is known as ______

    <p>tagging</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What method can be used alongside banding for bloodless castration of cattle?

    <p>External clamping (e.g. burdizzo clamps)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the legal requirement for tagging bison calves?

    <p>Tagged by the time they are separated from their mother or they are 9 months of age, whichever is sooner</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary role of a healthy reproductive system in cattle?

    <p>Reproduction and hormone production</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of hormonal injection of immunocontraceptives in cattle?

    <p>Induce production against gonadotropin releasing hormone (GnRH), results in a decrease of endogenous hormone production</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the effect of hormonal injection on endogenous hormone production?

    <p>Decrease in endogenous hormone production</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of chemical injection in cattle castration?

    <p>Cause irreversible damage and loss of function in the testicular parenchyma</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What method involves placing a rubber ring around the base of the scrotum, cutting off blood supply and causing atrophy?

    <p>Banding</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the legal requirement for registration of a calf in Wales, Scotland, and Northern Ireland?

    <p>Registered within 7 days of being tagged</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary endocrine factor that regulates the onset of puberty in heifers?

    <p>Weight</p> Signup and view all the answers

    During which phase of the reproductive cycle does estrogen have a positive feedback on the surge center?

    <p>Follicular phase</p> Signup and view all the answers

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