Catholic Reformation: Aims and The Inquisition

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Questions and Answers

What was the main goal of the Catholic Reformation?

To create a new branch of Christianity

To make reforms to stop abuses in the Catholic church (correct)

To spread Protestantism

To start a series of wars in Europe

Who started the Inquisition?

Ignatius Loyola

Pope Paul III

Luther

Philip II (correct)

What was the purpose of the Inquisition?

To unite Christians across Europe

To punish those who criticized the Catholic Church

To convert Protestants to Catholicism

To combat heresy, apostasy, blasphemy, witchcraft, and customs considered deviant (correct)

Who founded the Society of Jesus?

Ignatius Loyola Signup and view all the answers

What was the outcome of the civil war in France?

The Huguenots were given freedom of worship Signup and view all the answers

What was the result of the revolt in the Netherlands?

The Netherlands became an independent Dutch Republic Signup and view all the answers

What was the Thirty Years' War?

The last of the great religious wars in Europe Signup and view all the answers

When did the Thirty Years' War end?

1648 Signup and view all the answers

What is the meaning of the term 'Renaissance'?

Re-birth or revival Signup and view all the answers

Where did the Renaissance start?

Italy Signup and view all the answers

What was the result of the Crusades?

A great increase in trade Signup and view all the answers

Why did the importance of feudal villages decline?

Due to the rise of towns and cities Signup and view all the answers

What happened to education during the Middle Ages?

More universities and schools were started Signup and view all the answers

What happened to people's relationships with the Catholic Church?

They became less controlled by the church Signup and view all the answers

What was Leonardo da Vinci an example of?

Renaissance man Signup and view all the answers

Where did Leonardo da Vinci work?

In the court of the rich and powerful in Florence, Milan, and other cities Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of the famous painting by Michelangelo?

The Last Judgement Signup and view all the answers

What did Michelangelo make for the Medici family?

Monuments Signup and view all the answers

Who was a key figure in Renaissance architecture?

Filippo Brunelleschi Signup and view all the answers

What characterized Gothic-style buildings?

Pointed arches and narrow, decorated windows Signup and view all the answers

Who painted a famous painting called 'Madonna and Child'?

Raphael Signup and view all the answers

Who made a salt cellar in gold and enamel?

Benvenuto Cellini Signup and view all the answers

What happened to Luther's writings in 1520?

They were burnt in Rome Signup and view all the answers

What was the consequence of Luther's actions in 1521?

He was excommunicated Signup and view all the answers

Where did Luther hide after being declared an outlaw?

In a castle called 'Elector of Saxony' Signup and view all the answers

What did Luther translate from Latin to German?

The Bible Signup and view all the answers

What did the Renaissance architect study during his travels?

Classic Roman buildings and ruins Signup and view all the answers

Who was a Frenchman and a leader of the Protestant movement?

John Calvin Signup and view all the answers

What was unique about Renaissance-style houses?

They were built for beauty Signup and view all the answers

Who is considered the greatest writer of the Renaissance?

William Shakespeare Signup and view all the answers

What was the name of John Calvin's ideas?

Calvinism Signup and view all the answers

Why did Henry VIII want to dissolve his marriage to Catherine?

Both A and B Signup and view all the answers

What was the primary area of study during the early Renaissance?

Literature Signup and view all the answers

What was the consequence of Henry VIII's disagreement with the Pope?

He became the supreme head of the Church of England Signup and view all the answers

What innovation helped sailors find their position at sea?

The invention of the compass Signup and view all the answers

What did Galileo Galilei prove about the Earth?

The Earth revolves around the sun Signup and view all the answers

Who is known as the 'Father' of the modern science of biology?

Andreas Vesalius Signup and view all the answers

What was the main reason for the Protestant Reformation?

To protest against the Catholic Church Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

The Catholic Reformation

The Catholic Reformation aimed to stop abuses in the Catholic church and prevent the spread of Protestantism.
The Inquisition was a judicial procedure to combat heresy, started by Philip II, which led to the death or imprisonment of thousands of Protestants.
The Society of Jesus was founded by Ignatius Loyola, a brave Spanish knight, in 1540, with the goal of preaching Christianity globally.

Religious Wars

The Catholic Church faced revolts by German princes and Huguenots in France, leading to civil wars and the eventual granting of religious freedom.
The Thirty Years' War (1618-1648) was the last of the great religious wars in Europe, fought over territory and political power.

Renaissance and Art

The Renaissance, meaning 're-birth' or 'revival', was a cultural movement in Europe, starting in Italy and spreading to France, Germany, and England between 1350 and 1600.
Famous artists of the Renaissance include Leonardo da Vinci, Michelangelo, and Raphael, known for their iconic paintings and architectural designs.
Leonardo da Vinci was a 'Renaissance man', excelling in various fields, including poetry, music, architecture, engineering, and science.

Architecture and Literature

The Renaissance saw a shift from Gothic-style architecture to classical styles, with the development of Renaissance-style houses featuring beauty, gardens, and classical ornaments.
Filippo Brunelleschi was a key figure in Renaissance architecture.
The Renaissance also saw the emergence of famous writers and poets, including William Shakespeare, whose works still influence literature today.

Science and Discovery

During the Renaissance, science began to progress rapidly, with scholars studying astronomy, using the compass, and developing better maps and timekeeping.
Galileo Galilei was a prominent scientist, proving that the Earth revolves around the Sun and highlighting the importance of mathematics.
Andreas Vesalius, known as the 'Father of Modern Biology', published a comprehensive book on human anatomy.

The Reformation

The Reformation was a Protestant movement that emerged in the 16th century, led by figures like Martin Luther, who disagreed with Catholic Church teachings.
Luther's writings were initially opposed by the Catholic Church, leading to his excommunication and exile.
John Calvin was another prominent leader of the Protestant movement, establishing Calvinism, which stressed discipline and morality.

Protestantism and the Catholic Church

The Catholic Church responded to the Protestant movement by holding the Council of Trent, which aimed to reform the Church and counter Protestantism.
The English Reformation saw Henry VIII break away from the Catholic Church, establishing the Church of England with the monarch as its head.

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Description

This quiz explores the Catholic Reformation's goals and the establishment of the Inquisition, a judicial procedure aimed at combating heresy and deviant customs. Learn about the Inquisition's origins, its impact, and its consequences.